In this video I’m showing the process of working on an oil painting titled “Whereabout”. My camera kept failing and that’s why there are missing pieces in the video. I hope it’s okay though :)

REAL-TIME PAINTING VIDEOS, TUTORIALS and other helpful materials ▶ https://www.patreon.com/dariacallie

▷ For prints and original paintings please visit https://dariacallie.com/store/


CONNECT WITH ME:
Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/dariacallie/
Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/DariaCallieArt/
Website: https://www.dariacallie.com/


Materials used:
• Oil paints - "Nevskaya palitra"
Colors: Burnt Umber, Cadmium Yellow Pale, Ultramarine Blue, Cadmium Red and Titanium White.
In addition I have a couple of colors that I use sometimes: Ivory Black, Celestial Blue and Cobalt Violet Deep.
• Frosted acrylic panel
• Paint thinner (odorless mineral spirits)
• Medium (stand linseed oil)
• Brushes - Detail brushes & Filbert synthetic brushes of different sizes
• Glass palette (homemade)
• Palette knife (from a local art-store)
• Paper towels (or tissues that I use to wipe the brushes)


Music: “Le Premier Matin” by Mindthings
https://soundcloud.com/mindthi....ngs/le-premier-matin

In this painting demo I show how I paint hands with oils.

REAL-TIME PAINTING VIDEOS, TUTORIALS and other helpful materials ▶ https://www.patreon.com/dariacallie

Reference photos:
https://www.dropbox.com/s/zqzt....aemnle8mmyd/Hand1.jp
https://www.dropbox.com/s/tecl....xhgfqiabmw8/Hand2.jp

Timestamps:
0:34 - Painting study 1
3:24 - Finished study 1
3:33 - Painting study 2
8:05 - Finished study 2


▷ For prints and original paintings please visit https://dariacallie.com/store/

CONNECT WITH ME:
Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/dariacallie/
Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/DariaCallieArt/
Website: https://www.dariacallie.com/


Materials used:

• Oil paints - Nevskaya palitra
Colors: Burnt umber, Cadmium Yellow, Ultramarine Blue, Cadmium Red and Titanium White.
(I have a color-mixing video where I explain how I premix my palette - https://youtu.be/kKT1gXBC_L4 )
In addition I have a couple of colors that I use sometimes: Ivory Black, Celestial Blue and Cobalt Violet Deep.
• Acrylic primer
• Paper 30 x 30 cm (12 x 12 inches) 280gsm
• Paint thinner (odorless mineral spirits)
• Medium (stand linseed oil)
• Brushes - Detail brushes & Filbert synthetic brushes of different sizes
• Glass palettes (homemade)
• Palette knife (from a local art-store)
• Paper towels (or tissues that I use to wipe the brushes)


Music: Paperchaser “Walk 'til Morning”
https://soundcloud.com/paperchaser-music

Oil painting, 10 x 15 cm

REAL-TIME PAINTING VIDEOS, TUTORIALS and other helpful materials ▶ https://www.patreon.com/dariacallie

▷ For prints and original paintings please visit https://dariacallie.com/store/


CONNECT WITH ME:
Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/dariacallie/
Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/DariaCallieArt/
Website: https://www.dariacallie.com/


Materials used:
• Oil paints - "Nevskaya palitra"
Colors: Burnt Umber, Cadmium Yellow Pale, Ultramarine Blue, Cadmium Red and Titanium White.
In addition I have a couple of colors that I use sometimes: Ivory Black, Celestial Blue and Cobalt Violet Deep.
• Primed 280gsm paper
• Silver leaf
• Paint thinner (odorless mineral spirits)
• Medium (stand linseed oil)
• Brushes - Detail brushes & Filbert synthetic brushes of different sizes
• Glass palette (homemade)
• Palette knife (from a local art-store)
• Paper towels (or tissues that I use to wipe the brushes)


Music: Fireball by albosel; Crab God by albosel

Learn more about ExpressVPN: https://www.expressvpn.com/eons

All of today’s big cat species evolved less than 11 million years ago and yet their evolutionary history remains an almost total mystery. But scientists have recently discovered a major clue about the origins of the big cats, one that could provide a whole new starting place for solving this puzzle.

Thanks to Ceri Thomas for the excellent Panthera blytheae and Panthera atrox! Check out more of Ceri's paleoart at http://alphynix.tumblr.com and http://nixillustration.com

Produced in collaboration with PBS Digital Studios: http://youtube.com/pbsdigitalstudios

THANK YOU to our amazing Cenozoic Patreon patron, Patrick Seifert!!

And to the following Patreon patrons for helping make Eons possible:

Katie Fichtner, Anthony Callaghan, Stefan Weber, Ilya Murashov, Charles Kahle, Robert Amling, Po Foon Kwong, Larry Wilson, Merri Snaidman, Renzo Caimi Ordenes, John Vanek, Neil H. Gray, Esmeralda Rupp-Spangle, Gregory Donovan, الخليفي سلطان, Gabriel Cortez, Marcus Lejon, Robert Arévalo, Robert Hill, Todd Dittman, Betsy Radley, PS, Philip Slingerland, Jose Garcia, Eric Vonk, Tony Wamsley, Henrik Peteri, Jonathan Wright, Jon Monteiro, James Bording, Brad Nicholls, Miles Chaston, Michael McClellan, Jeff Graham, Maria Humphrey, Nathan Paskett, Connor Jensen, Daisuke Goto, Hubert Rady, Gregory Kintz, Tyson Cleary, Chandler Bass, Maly Lor, Joao Ascensao, Tsee Lee, Sarah Fritts, Jacob Gerke, Alex Yan

If you'd like to support the channel, head over to http://patreon.com/eons and pledge for some cool rewards!

Want to follow Eons elsewhere on the internet?
Facebook - https://www.facebook.com/eonsshow
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Instagram - https://www.instagram.com/eonsshow/

References:
Tseng, Z. J. et al. (2014). Himalayan fossils of the oldest known pantherine establish ancient origin of big cats. Proceedings of the Royal Society B 281: 20132686.
Johnson, W. et al. (2006). The Late Miocene radiation of modern Felidae: a genetic assessment. Science 311: 73-77.
Davis, B. et al. (2010). Supermatrix and species tree methods resolve phylogenetic relationships within the big cats, Panthera (Carnivora: Felidae). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 56: 64-76.
Turner, A. and Antón, M. (1997). The big cats and their fossil relatives. New York: Columbia University Press.
Werderlin, L. and Lewis, M.E. (2005). Plio-Pleistocene Carnivora of eastern Africa: species richness and turnover patterns. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 144: 121–144.
Zhou Y. et al. (2017). Comprehensive species set revealing the phylogeny and biogeography of Feliformia (Mammalia, Carnivora) based on mitochondrial DNA. PLoS ONE 12(3): e0174902.

Check out It’s Okay To Be Smart’s video for more about the origins of life on earth: https://youtu.be/_uAJY1mqtw4
And check out PBS Space Time’s video on the physics of life: https://youtu.be/GcfLZSL7YGw

Viewers like you help make PBS (Thank you

This episode on the Tully Monster is supported by Squarespace. If you visit squarespace.com and use offer code "eons", you'll get 10% off your first purchase.

There are animals in the fossil record that challenge some of our most basic ideas about what animals are supposed to look like. If there ever was a monster on this planet that was worthy of the name, it might have been the Tully Monster.

Produced in collaboration with PBS Digital Studios: http://youtube.com/pbsdigitalstudios

Image credits:
Banffia - Royal Ontario Museum, Jean-Bernard Caron: http://www.burgess-shale.rom.on.ca/

Thanks to Julio Lacerda and Studio 252mya for the Tully Monster illustration. You can find more of Julio's work here: https://252mya.com/gallery/julio-lacerda

Check out other PBS Digital Studios channels:
https://www.youtube.com/pbsinfiniteseries
https://www.youtube.com/grossscienceshow

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References:
http://news.yale.edu/2016/03/1....6/solving-mystery-tu
http://www.nature.com/nature/j....ournal/v532/n7600/ab
http://sitn.hms.harvard.edu/fl....ash/2016/enigmatic-t
https://blogs.scientificameric....an.com/laelaps/tully
https://www.sciencedaily.com/r....eleases/2017/02/1702
http://www.museum.state.il.us/....exhibits/symbols/fos
http://scienceblogs.com/laelap....s/2010/03/12/your-fr
https://www.eurekalert.org/pub...._releases/2017-02/uo
https://www.anl.gov/photos/tul....ly-monster-secrets-r
https://www.anl.gov/articles/s....olving-mystery-tully
https://www.fieldmuseum.org/sc....ience/blog/monster-m

You can check out Google's Science Journal app at https://g.co/sciencejournal

The mammoths fossils found on the Channel Islands off the coast of southern California are much smaller than their relatives found on the mainland. They were so small that they came to be seen as their own species. How did they get there? And why were they so small?

Thanks to Ceri Thomas for the mammoth reconstructions throughout this episode. Check out more of Ceri's paleoart at http://alphynix.tumblr.com and http://nixillustration.com

Thanks to Julio Lacerda and Studio 252mya for the Palaeoloxodon illustrations. You can find more of Julio's work here: https://252mya.com/gallery/julio-lacerda

Produced in collaboration with PBS Digital Studios: http://youtube.com/pbsdigitalstudios

Super special thanks to the following Patreon patrons for helping make Eons possible:

Katie Fichtner, Anthony Callaghan, Larry Wilson, Merri Snaidman, Renzo Caimi Ordenes, John Vanek, Neil H. Gray, Marilyn Wolmart, Esmeralda Rupp-Spangle, Gregory Donovan, Ehit Dinesh Agarwal, سلطان الخليفي, Gabriel Cortez, Marcus Lejon, Robert Arévalo, Robert Hill, Kelby Reid, Todd Dittman, Betsy Radley, PS, Colin Sylvester, Philip Slingerland, Jose Garcia, Eric Vonk, Tony Wamsley, Henrik Peteri, Jonathan Wright, Jon Monteiro, James Bording, Brad Nicholls, Miles Chaston, Michael McClellan, Jeff Graham, Maria Humphrey, Nathan Paskett, Connor Jensen, Daisuke Goto, Hubert Rady, Yuntao Zhou, Gregory Kintz, Tyson Cleary, Chandler Bass, Maly Lor, Joao Ascensao, Tsee Lee, Sarah Fritts, Ron Harvey Jr, Jacob Gerke, Alex Yan

If you'd like to support the channel, head over to http://patreon.com/eons and pledge for some cool rewards!

Want to follow Eons elsewhere on the internet?
Facebook - https://www.facebook.com/eonsshow
Twitter - https://twitter.com/eonsshow
Instagram - https://www.instagram.com/eonsshow/

References:
http://digitalcommons.unl.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1940&context=usgsstaffpub
https://www.nhm-wien.ac.at/jar....t/prj3/nhm/data/uplo
https://www.researchgate.net/p....ublication/288262862
“Extreme expansion of the olfactory receptor gene repertoire in African elephants and evolutionary dynamics of orthologous gene groups in 13 placental mammals.” Niimura Y, Matsui A, Touhara K. 2014.
https://web.archive.org/web/20....060508113748/http://
https://www.sciencedirect.com/....science/article/pii/
https://kundoc.com/pdf-on-the-....importance-of-strati
https://www.app.pan.pl/archive..../published/app61/app  
https://www.jstor.org/stable/2....844657?seq=1#page_sc  
http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.541.6488&rep=rep1&type=pdf
Evolution of Island Mammals: Adaptation and Extinction of Placental Mammals on Islands by Alexandra van der Geer, George Lyras, John de Vos and Michael Dermitzakis.
Niimura Y, Matsui A, Touhara K. 2014. Extreme expansion of the olfactory receptor gene repertoire in African elephants and evolutionary dynamics of orthologous gene groups in 13 placental mammals. Genome Res doi: 10.1101/gr.169532.113
https://www.nhm-wien.ac.at/jar....t/prj3/nhm/data/uplo
"Sea level, paleogeography, and archeology on California's Northern
Channel Islands," by Reeder-Myers et al. 2015.
https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1940&context=usgsstaffpub
https://web.archive.org/web/20....060508113748/http://
http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.896.6234&rep=rep1&type=pdf
https://kundoc.com/pdf-on-the-....importance-of-strati
https://www.sciencedirect.com/....science/article/pii/
http://natural-history.uoregon.....edu/research/paleoc
https://www.nhm-wien.ac.at/jar....t/prj3/nhm/data/uplo
https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1940&context=usgsstaffpub

Viewers like you help make PBS (Thank you

Check out Sound Field: https://www.youtube.com/channe....l/UCvMLMyKPomE6kTTL9

Back in the late Miocene epoch, there was an island--or maybe a group of islands-- in the Mediterranean Sea that was populated with fantastic giant beasts. It’s a lesson in the very strange, but very real, powers of natural selection.

Thank you to these paleoartists for allowing us to use their wonderful illustrations:
Franz Anthony: https://252mya.com/gallery/franz-anthony
Stanton Fink: https://www.deviantart.com/avancna
Julio Lacerda: https://252mya.com/gallery/julio-lacerda
Nobu Tamura: https://spinops.blogspot.com/
Ceri Thomas: http://alphynix.tumblr.com/

Produced in collaboration with PBS Digital Studios: http://youtube.com/pbsdigitalstudios

Super special thanks to the following Patreon patrons for helping make Eons possible:

Katie Fichtner, Anthony Callaghan, XULIN GE, Po Foon Kwong, Larry Wilson, Merri Snaidman, Renzo Caimi, Ordenes, John Vanek, Neil H. Gray, Marilyn Wolmart, Esmeralda Rupp-Spangle, Gregory Donovan, Ehit Dinesh Agarwal, الخليفي سلطان, Gabriel Cortez, Marcus Lejon, Robert Arévalo, Robert Hill, Kelby Reid, Todd Dittman, Betsy Radley, PS, Philip Slingerland, Jose Garcia, Eric Vonk, Tony Wamsley, Henrik Peteri, Jonathan Wright, Jon Monteiro, James Bording, Brad Nicholls, Miles Chaston, Michael McClellan, Jeff Graham, Maria Humphrey, Nathan Paskett, Connor Jensen, Daisuke Goto, Hubert Rady, Gregory Kintz, Tyson Cleary, Chandler Bass, Maly Lor, Joao Ascensao, Tsee Lee, Sarah Fritts, Ron Harvey Jr, Jacob Gerke, Alex Yan

If you'd like to support the channel, head over to http://patreon.com/eons and pledge for some cool rewards!

Want to follow Eons elsewhere on the internet?
Facebook - https://www.facebook.com/eonsshow
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Instagram - https://www.instagram.com/eonsshow/

References: https://bit.ly/2VCS4WF

Try CuriosityStream today: http://curiositystream.com/eons

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In 1993, scientists cracked open a piece of amber, took out the body of an ancient weevil, and sampled its DNA. Or, at least, so we thought. It took another few decades of research, and a lot of take-backs, before scientists could figure out how we could truly unlock the genetic secrets of the past.

Produced in collaboration with PBS Digital Studios: http://youtube.com/pbsdigitalstudios

Super special thanks to the following Patreon patrons for helping make Eons possible:

Katie Fichtner, Aldo Espinosa Zúñiga, Anthony Callaghan, الخليفي سلطان, Gabriel Cortez, Marcus Lejon, Anel Salas, Robert Arévalo, Robert Hill, Kelby Reid, Todd Dittman, Betsy Radley, Svetlana Pylaeva, Colin Sylvester, Philip Slingerland, John Vanek, Jose Garcia, Noah offitzer, Eric Vonk, Tony Wamsley, Henrik Peteri, Jonathan Wright, Jon Monteiro, James Bording, Brad Nicholls, Miles Chaston, Michael McClellan, Jeff Graham, Maria Humphrey, Nathan Paskett, Connor Jensen, Sapjes, Daisuke Goto, Hubert Rady, Yuntao Zhou, Gregory Kintz, Tyson Cleary, Chandler Bass, Maly Lor, Joao Ascensao. Tsee Lee, Sarah Fritts, Ruben Winter, Ron Harvey Jr, Joshua Mitchell, Johnny Li, Jacob Gerke, Alex Yan

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Want to follow Eons elsewhere on the internet?
Facebook - https://www.facebook.com/eonsshow
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References:
https://journals.plos.org/plos....one/article?id=10.13
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28486705
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.co....m/doi/abs/10.1111/17
https://www.nature.com/articles/nature13408
https://www.nature.com/articles/nature10574
http://www.bioone.org/doi/abs/....10.1603/0013-8746%28
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26989198
https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/a....rticle/pjab1977/65/1
http://rspb.royalsocietypublis....hing.org/content/264
https://www.tandfonline.com/do....i/abs/10.1080/205489
https://blogs.scientificameric....an.com/guest-blog/ju
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1684053
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14711425
https://www.nature.com/articles/362709a0
https://pubs.geoscienceworld.o....rg/gsa/geology/artic
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23055061
https://www.nature.com/articles/363536a0
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/p....mc/articles/PMC26949

Try CuriosityStream today: http://curiositystream.com/eons

Viewers like you help make PBS (Thank you

Insects were the first animals to ever develop the ability to fly, and, arguably, they did it the best. But this development was so unusual that scientists are still/working on, and arguing about, how and when insect wings first came about.

Special thanks to Franz Anthony for the beautiful insect reconstructions. You can see more of Franz's tremendous work at http://252mya.com

Phylogenomics resolves the timing and pattern of insect evolution:
http://science.sciencemag.org/content/346/6210/763

Produced in collaboration with PBS Digital Studios: http://youtube.com/pbsdigitalstudios

Super special thanks to the following Patreon patrons for helping make Eons possible:
Aldo Espinosa Zúñiga, Betsy Radley, Svetlana Pylaeva, Colin Sylvester, Philip Slingerland, John Vanek, Jose Garcia, Noah offitzer, Eric Vonk, Tony Wamsley, Henrik Peteri, Jonathan Wright, Wilco Verweij, Jon Monteiro, James Bording, Brad Nicholls, Miles Chaston, Michael McClellan, Elysha Nygård, Jeff Graham, Maria Humphrey, Nathan Paskett, Connor Jensen, Ehit Dinesh Agarwal, Sapjes, Dave, Daisuke Goto, Zachary Winkler, Hubert Rady, Yuntao Zhou, Gregory Kintz, Tyson Cleary, Chandler Bass, Maly Lor, Joao Ascensao, Tsee Lee, Sarah Fritts, phil parker, Ruben Winter, Ron Harvey Jr, Joshua Mitchell, Johnny Li, Katie Fichtner, Budjarn Lambeth, Jacob Gerke, Katie M Vasilescu, Brandon Burke, Alex Yan, Jordon Sokoll

If you'd like to support the channel, head over to http://patreon.com/eons and pledge for some cool rewards!

Want to follow Eons elsewhere on the internet?
Facebook - https://www.facebook.com/eonsshow
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References:
https://www.cell.com/current-b....iology/pdf/S0960-982
https://www.nature.com/articles/nature12629
http://science.sciencemag.org/content/346/6210/763
http://science.sciencemag.org/....content/349/6247/487
https://www.nytimes.com/2018/0....3/26/science/insect-
https://www.sciencedirect.com/....science/article/pii/
https://phys.org/news/2012-08-....humble-bug-gap-fossi
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23426326/
https://livingwithinsects.word....press.com/2014/09/04
https://www.cell.com/current-b....iology/pdf/S0960-982
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/p....mc/articles/PMC54529
https://www.abdn.ac.uk/rhynie/collembolan.htm
https://www.nature.com/scitabl....e/topicpage/the-mole

Viewers like you help make PBS (Thank you

Produced in collaboration with PBS Digital Studios: http://youtube.com/pbsdigitalstudios

Super special thanks to the following Patreon patrons for helping make Eons possible:
Aldo Espinosa Zúñiga, Svetlana Pylaeva, Colin Sylvester, Philip Slingerland, John Vanek, Jose Garcia, Noah offitzer, Eric Vonk, Tony Wamsley, Henrik Peteri, Jonathan Wright, Wilco Verweij, Jon Monteiro, James Bording, Brad Nicholls, Miles Chaston, Addison Baker, Michael McClellan, Elysha Nygård, Jeff Graham, Maria Humphrey, Southpoint, Connor Jensen, Ehit Dinesh Agarwal, Sapjes, Dave, Daisuke Goto, Zachary Winkler, Hubert Rady, Yuntao Zhou, Gregory Kintz, Tyson Cleary, Chandler Bass, Maly Lor, Joao Ascensao, Mario Morales, Tsee Lee, Sarah Fritts, phil parker, Ruben Winter, Ron Harvey Jr, Joshua Mitchell, Johnny Li, Katie Fichtner, Budjarn Lambeth, Jacob Gerke, Katie M Vasilescu, Brandon Burke, Alex Yan, Jordon Sokoll

If you'd like to support the channel, head over to http://patreon.com/eons and pledge for some cool rewards!

Want to follow Eons elsewhere on the internet?
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References:

Want more videos about psychology every Monday and Thursday? Check out our sister channel SciShow Psych at https://www.youtube.com/scishowpsych!

In this episode of Crash Course Psychology, we get to meet the brain. Hank talks us through the Central Nervous System, the ancestral structures of the brain, the limbic system, and new structures of the brain. Plus, what does Phineas Gage have to do with all of this?
--
Table of Contents:
Basics of the CNS 2:15
Basics of the Brain 5:03
Ancestral Structures of the Brain 5:37
Limbic System 7:31
New Structures of the Brain 8:32
--
Want to find Crash Course elsewhere on the internet?
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Support CrashCourse on Subbable: http://subbable.com/crashcourse

Hank tells us about the team of deadly ninja assassins that is tasked with protecting our bodies from all the bad guys that want to kill us - also known as our immune system.

Crash Course Biology is now available on DVD! http://dft.ba/-8bCC

Like CrashCourse - http://www.facebook.com/YouTubeCrashCourse
Follow CrashCourse - http://www.twitter.com/TheCrashCourse

Table of Contents
1) Innate Immune System 1:45
a) Mucous Membranes 2:54
b) Inflammatory Response 3:44
c) Leukocytes 4:45

2) Open Letter 6:33
a) Natural Killer Cells 6:56
b) Dendritic Cells 7:57

3) Acquired Immune System 8:36
a) Antibodies 9:08
b) Lymphocytes 9:48
c) Cell-Mediated Response 10:17
d) Humoral Response 13:00

References
Campbell Biology, 9th ed.
http://faculty.stcc.edu/AandP/....AP/AP2pages/Units18t
http://highered.mcgraw-hill.co....m/sites/0072495855/s

This video uses the following sounds from Freesound.org:
"Pigs-01.flac" by Erdie
"straw slurp.wav" by dparke4
"Disgusting Slop.wav" by Ighuaran
"Sonar Ping.wav" by digifishmusic
"Swishes.wav" by Pogotron
"swing.mp3" by morgantj

crash course, crashcourse, biology, immune system, anatomy, physiology, human, health, microscopic, pus, pathogen, bacteria, body, organism, virus, immunity, innate, acquired, animal, vertebrate, germ, skin, mucous membrane, digestive tract, mucus, inflammatory response, mast cells, histamine, allergic, allergy, infection, phagocyte, macrophage, natural killer cell, lymphocytes, white blood cells, antigen, t cell, humoral response Support CrashCourse on Subbable: http://subbable.com/crashcourse

Hank brings us the story of the electron and describes how reality is a kind of music, discussing electron shells and orbitals, electron configurations, ionization and electron affinities, and how all these things can be understood via the periodic table.

Crash Course on the internet!
http://www.facebook.com/YouTubeCrashCourse
http://www.twitter.com/TheCrashCourse
http://TheCrashCourse.tumblr.com

Table of Contents
Snobby Scientists 00:43
Great Dane/Bohr Model 01:57
Electrons as Music 04:13
Electron Shells and Orbitals 04:44
Electron Configurations 05:54
Ionization and Electron Affinities 08:17
Periodic Table 10:18 Support CrashCourse on Subbable: http://subbable.com/crashcourse

Hank tells us the story of the complicated chemical dance that allows our skeletal muscles to contract and relax.

Crash Course Biology is now available on DVD! http://dft.ba/-8bCC

Like CrashCourse: http://www.facebook.com/YouTubeCrashCourse
Follow CrashCourse: http://www.twitter.com/TheCrashCourse

Table of Contents
1) Cardiac, Smooth, & Skeletal Muscles 01:09
2) Muscle Anatomy 02:03
a) Muscle Fibers 03:07
b) Myofibrils 04:15:1
c) Sarcomeres 04:19:1
d) Myofilaments 04:37:2
3) Biolography 05:37:1
4) Sliding Filament Model 07:47

References for this episode can be found in the Google document here: http://dft.ba/-3syE

crash course, crashcourse, biology, muscular system, muscle, cellular respiration, energy, ATP, human body, chemistry, cardiac muscle, smooth muscle, skeletal muscle, contract, relax, tendon, anatomy, physiology, fascicle, fibers, protein, myofibril, sarcomere, myofilament, actin, myosin, sliding filament model, biolography, electron microscope, tropomyosin, troponin, sarcoplasmic reticulum, motor neuron Support CrashCourse on Subbable: http://subbable.com/crashcourse

All the magic that we know is in the transfer of electrons. Reduction (gaining electrons) and oxidation (the loss of electrons) combine to form Redox chemistry, which contains the majority of chemical reactions. As electrons jump from atom to atom, they carry energy with them, and that transfer of energy is what makes all life on earth possible.

**Special Thanks to Matt Young at the University of Montana (Geosciences Department, Environmental Biogeochemistry Lab) who helped with the chemical demonstrations.**

Oxidation 1:42
Reduction 1:03
Oxidation Numbers 3:29
Redox Reactions 5:59
Oxidation Reactions 6:28
Balancing Oxidation Reactions 7:18

Also thank you to the following chemistry teachers for assistance:
James Sarbinoff
Rachel Wentz
Edi González
Lucas Moore
Chris Conley
Addie Clark
Julia Rosinski

Want to find Crash Course elsewhere on the internet?
Facebook - http://www.facebook.com/YouTubeCrashC...
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Tumblr - http://thecrashcourse.tumblr.com Support CrashCourse on Subbable: http://subbable.com/crashcourse