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The ancestors of modern horses became so successful that they spread all over the world, to Europe, Asia, South America, and Africa. But in their native range of North America, they’ll vanish for 10,000 years. Until another strange mammal brings them back.

The illustration of Equus Simplicidens--also known as the Hagerman Horse--is by Roger Hall. You can check out more of Roger's work at http://InkArt.net

Produced in collaboration with PBS Digital Studios: http://youtube.com/pbsdigitalstudios

Super special thanks to the following Patreon patrons for helping make Eons possible:
Katie Fichtner, Aldo Espinosa Zúñiga, Kelby Reid, Steph Summerfield, Todd Dittman, Betsy Radley, Svetlana Pylaeva, Colin Sylvester, Philip Slingerland, John Vanek, Jose Garcia, Noah offitzer, Eric Vonk, Tony Wamsley, Henrik Peteri, Jonathan Wright, Wilco Verweij, Jon Monteiro, James Bording, Brad Nicholls, Miles Chaston, Michael McClellan, Elysha Nygård, Jeff Graham, Maria Humphrey, Nathan Paskett, Connor Jensen, Ehit Dinesh Agarwal, Sapjes, Daisuke Goto, Zachary Winkler, Hubert Rady, Yuntao Zhou, Gregory Kintz, Tyson Cleary, Chandler Bass, Maly Lor, Joao Ascensao, Tsee Lee, Sarah Fritts, Ruben Winter, Ron Harvey Jr, Joshua Mitchell, Johnny Li, Jacob Gerke, Katie M Vasilescu, Brandon Burke, Alex Yan

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References:
Fossil Horses by Bruce J. MacFadden
http://www.ajsonline.org/conte....nt/s3-12/71/401.extr
https://www.jstor.org/stable/4....522989?seq=1#page_sc
http://chem.tufts.edu/science/....evolution/horseevolu
https://www.floridamuseum.ufl.edu/fhc/firstCM.htm
https://link.springer.com/arti....cle/10.1007/s12052-0
https://www.nationalgeographic.....com/adventure/featu
https://www.sciencedirect.com/....science/article/pii/
https://www.palass.org/publica....tions/palaeontology-
https://www.nature.com/articles/nature02098
https://www.nature.com/articles/nature04604
http://digitallibrary.amnh.org/bitstream/handle/2246/1476//v2/dspace/ingest/pdfSource/bul/B022a22.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y
https://projects.iq.harvard.ed....u/spierce/news/going
https://www.geolsoc.org.uk/Geo....scientist/Archive/Ju
http://facstaff.uwa.edu/jmccal....l/Evolution%20of%20t

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Insects outnumber humans by a lot and we only like to think we're in charge because we're bigger than they are. But insects and other arthropods weren’t always so small. About 315 million years ago during the Carboniferous Period, they were not only abundant: they were enormous.

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Thanks to Lucas Lima, and Studio 252mya for their illustrations. You can find more of Lucas's work here: https://252mya.com/gallery/lucas-lima

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References:
http://news.nationalgeographic.....com/news/2011/08/11
http://journals.plos.org/ploso....ne/article?id=10.137
https://www.wired.com/2010/11/....huge-dragonflies-oxy
http://rspb.royalsocietypublis....hing.org/content/277
http://bionumbers.hms.harvard.....edu/bionumber.aspx?i
https://news.ucsc.edu/2012/06/giant-insects.html
https://www.si.edu/Encyclopedi....a_SI/nmnh/buginfo/bu
http://www.pnas.org/content/96/20/10955.full
https://www.nap.edu/read/11630/chapter/8#117

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As a scientific concept, evolution was revolutionary when it was first introduced. With the help of all three of our hosts and the Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History’s new Deep Time Hall, we’ll try to explain how evolution actually works and how we came to understand it.

This episode was written by Darcy Shapiro.

Produced in collaboration with PBS Digital Studios: http://youtube.com/pbsdigitalstudios

Super special thanks to the following Patreon patrons for helping make Eons possible:

Katie Fichtner, Anthony Callaghan, Zachary Spencer, Stefan Weber, Ilya Murashov, Charles Kahle, Robert Amling, Po Foon Kwong, Larry Wilson, Merri Snaidman, Renzo Caimi Ordenes, John Vanek, Neil H. Gray, Esmeralda Rupp-Spangle, Gregory Donovan, الخليفي سلطان, Gabriel Cortez, Marcus Lejon, Robert Arévalo, Robert Hill, Todd Dittman, Betsy Radley, PS, Philip Slingerland, Jose Garcia, Eric Vonk, Tony Wamsley, Henrik Peteri, Jonathan Wright, Jon Monteiro, James Bording, Brad Nicholls, Miles Chaston, Michael McClellan, Jeff Graham, Maria Humphrey, Nathan Paskett, Connor Jensen, Daisuke Goto, Hubert Rady, Gregory Kintz, Tyson Cleary, Chandler Bass, Maly Lor, Joao Ascensao, Tsee Lee, Sarah Fritts, Alex Yan

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References:
https://ucmp.berkeley.edu/history/cuvier.html
https://evolution.berkeley.edu..../evolibrary/article/
https://evolution.berkeley.edu..../evolibrary/article/
https://evolution.berkeley.edu..../evolibrary/article/
https://ucmp.berkeley.edu/history/lamarck.html
https://evolution.berkeley.edu..../evolibrary/article/
https://evolution.berkeley.edu..../evolibrary/article/
https://www.amnh.org/exhibitio....ns/darwin/a-trip-aro
http://people.wku.edu/charles.smith/index1.htm
http://wallacefund.info/content/biography-wallace
http://wallacefund.info/conten....t/1858-darwin-wallac
https://evolution.berkeley.edu..../evolibrary/article/
https://evolution.berkeley.edu..../evolibrary/article/
https://evolution.berkeley.edu..../evolibrary/article/
https://evolution.berkeley.edu..../evolibrary/article/
https://www.nature.com/scitabl....e/topicpage/gregor-m
https://evolution.berkeley.edu..../evolibrary/article/
https://evolution.berkeley.edu..../evolibrary/article/
https://evolution.berkeley.edu..../evolibrary/article/
https://evolution.berkeley.edu..../evolibrary/article/
https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/evolu....tion/library/01/6/l_
https://www.nature.com/scitabl....e/knowledge/library/
https://phys.org/news/2018-08-....truth-darwin-moth.ht
https://evolution.berkeley.edu..../evolibrary/article/
https://www.wired.com/2010/09/florida-panthers/
Bowler, P. (2001). History of Evolutionary Ideas: The Modern Synthesis. ELS: Encyclopedia of the life sciences, 1-5.
Papavero, N., & Santos, C. F. M. D. (2014). Darwinian evolutionism? Contributions of Alfred Russel Wallace to the theory of evolution. Revista Brasileira de História, 34(67), 159-180.
https://www.biodiversitylibrar....y.org/page/2283958#p

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Purgatorius, a kind of mammal called a plesiadapiform, might’ve been one of your earliest ancestors. But how did we get from a mouse-sized creature that looked more like a squirrel than a monkey -- to you, a member of Homo sapiens?

Thanks to Ceri Thomas for the Purgatorius reconstruction. Check out more of Ceri's paleoart at http://alphynix.tumblr.com and http://nixillustration.com

And thanks as always to Nobumichi Tamura for allowing us to use his wonderful paleoart: http://spinops.blogspot.com/

Produced in collaboration with PBS Digital Studios: http://youtube.com/pbsdigitalstudios

Super special thanks to the following Patreon patrons for helping make Eons possible:

Katie Fichtner, Aldo Espinosa Zúñiga, Anthony Callaghan, الخليفي سلطان, Gabriel Cortez, Marcus Lejon, Anel Salas, Robert Arévalo, Robert Hill, Kelby Reid, Todd Dittman, Betsy Radley, Svetlana Pylaeva, Colin Sylvester, Philip Slingerland, John Vanek, Jose Garcia, Noah offitzer, Eric Vonk, Tony Wamsley, Henrik Peteri, Jonathan Wright, Jon Monteiro, James Bording, Brad Nicholls, Miles Chaston, Michael McClellan, Jeff Graham, Maria Humphrey, Nathan Paskett, Connor Jensen, Sapjes, Daisuke Goto, Hubert Rady, Yuntao Zhou, Gregory Kintz, Tyson Cleary, Chandler Bass, Maly Lor, Joao Ascensao. Tsee Lee, Sarah Fritts, Ruben Winter, Ron Harvey Jr, Joshua Mitchell, Johnny Li, Jacob Gerke, Alex Yan

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References:
http://www.ucmp.berkeley.edu/clad/clad1.html
https://www.nature.com/scitabl....e/topicpage/the-mole
https://www.nature.com/scitabl....e/knowledge/library/
https://www.nature.com/scitabl....e/knowledge/library/
https://evolution.berkeley.edu..../evolibrary/article/
https://www.amnh.org/explore/n....ews-blogs/news-posts
http://humanorigins.si.edu/evidence/genetics
http://users.tamuk.edu/kfjab02..../Biology/Mammalogy/s
https://askananthropologist.as....u.edu/stories/our-pr
https://www.nature.com/scitabl....e/knowledge/library/
http://pin.primate.wisc.edu/fa....ctsheets/entry/black
https://www.nature.com/scitabl....e/knowledge/library/
http://animaldiversity.org/accounts/Hominidae/
https://www.nature.com/scitabl....e/knowledge/library/
http://www.sciencemag.org/news..../2012/08/generation-
https://www.eva.mpg.de/3chimps/files/apes.htm
https://www.nature.com/news/dn....a-mutation-clock-pro
http://www.pnas.org/content/112/5/1487
Collard, M., & Wood, B. (2013). Defining the genus Homo. Handbook of Paleoanthropology: Vol I: Principles, Methods and Approaches Vol II: Primate Evolution and Human Origins Vol III: Phylogeny of Hominids, 1-31.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12644563
http://www.els.net/WileyCDA/El....sArticle/refId-a0020
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29109469
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29342307
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.co....m/doi/abs/10.1002/aj
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/4964406
https://www.nature.com/articles/nature10842
https://academic.oup.com/mbe/a....rticle-abstract/20/1
http://science.sciencemag.org/content/349/6251/931
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28429568
https://www.annualreviews.org/....doi/abs/10.1146/annu
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.co....m/doi/pdf/10.1002/ev
http://science.sciencemag.org/....content/347/6228/135
https://www.nature.com/articles/nature09094

Hank begins a series of videos on organ systems with a look at the nervous system and all of the things that it is responsible for in the body.

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What is globalization? Is globalization a good thing or not. Well, I have an answer that may not surprise you: It's complicated. This week, Jacob and Adriene will argue that globalization is, in aggregate, good. Free trade and globalization tend to provide an overall benefit, and raises average incomes across the globe. The downside is that it isn't good for every individual in the system. In some countries, manufacturing jobs move to places where labor costs are lower. And some countries that receive the influx of jobs aren't prepared to deal with it, from a regulatory standpoint. Anyway, Jacob and Adriene can explain the whole thing to you in 10 minutes.

***

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Composer: Johann Sebastian Bach
Artists: Andrius Puskunigis (oboe and oboe d’amore), Simona Venslovaite (violin), St. Christopher Chamber Orchestra. Donatas Katkus (conductor)

Tracklist below.

Online purchase or streaming (Spotify, iTunes, Amazon Music, Deezer, Google Play): https://brilliant-classics.lnk.....to/BachOboeConcerto
More Information: https://www.brilliantclassics.....com/articles/j/js-ba
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We can’t be sure that Bach wrote any concertos specifically for the oboe aside from the C minor concerto BWV1060 – in which it’s partnered by the violin in an exercise of pathos out of all proportion to the modest dimensions of the work itself. The other concertos here come down to us as harpsichord concertos, in which guise they do not sit entirely happily, and it seems more than likely that Bach, as both unhappy Kapellmeister of the Thomaskirche in Leipzig and far more content in his role supplying music, musicians and concerts to Zimmermann’s coffee house in the city, would have been glad to take advantage of the soloistic potential of a resident oboist to craft these Italianate concertos that exploit both the instrument’s origins in pastoral idiom (notably BWV1053, in the ‘pastoral’ key of F major, and its gently swaying siciliano middle movement in 6/8), as well as more urbane and learned counterpoint of which he was undisputed master among his peers.

Andrius Puskingis is a Lithuanian oboist, now resident in France, who returns to his home city to play and direct these spirited and intimate performances. At present he is the principal oboist with the Heidelburg Symphony Orchestra, who have made an acclaimed series of Haydn symphony recordings with their music director Thomas Fey, and something of Fey’s restless spirit of adventure can also be traced in these fine new recordings.

00:00:00 Oboe Concerto in F Major, BWV 1053: I. Allegro
00:07:15 Oboe Concerto in F Major, BWV 1053: II. Siciliano
00:12:09 Oboe Concerto in F Major, BWV 1053: III. Allegro
00:18:02 Concerto for Oboe d’amore in A Major, BWV 1055: I. Allegro
00:22:15 Concerto for Oboe d’amore in A Major, BWV 1055: II. Larghetto
00:26:18 Concerto for Oboe d’amore in A Major, BWV 1055: III. Allegro ma non tanto
00:30:52 Oboe Concerto in G Minor, BWV 1056: I. Allegro
00:34:07 Oboe Concerto in G Minor, BWV 1056: II. Largo
00:36:29Oboe Concerto in G Minor, BWV 1056: III. Presto
00:39:55 Concerto for Oboe d’amore in G Major: I. Bass aria (Arr. BWV 100)
00:43:19 Concerto for Oboe d’amore in G Major: II. Alto aria (Arr. BWV 170)
00:49:35 Concerto for Oboe d’amore in G Major: III. Bass aria (Arr. BWV 30)
00:53:52 Concerto for Oboe and Violin in C Minor, BWV 1060: I. Allegro
00:58:16 Concerto for Oboe and Violin in C Minor, BWV 1060: II. Adagio
01:02:19 Concerto for Oboe and Violin in C Minor, BWV 1060: III. Allegro

Online purchase or streaming (Spotify, iTunes, Amazon Music, Deezer, Google Play): https://brilliant-classics.lnk.to/VivaldiOboe
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Composers: Antonio Vivaldi
Artist: Ensemble J.M. Anciuti , Paolo Pollastri baroque (oboe), Gaetano Nasillo (cello), Alberto Guerra (baroque bassoon), Giovanna Losco (harpsichord)

This addition to Brilliant Classics’ ever-growing recorded catalogue of music by the asthmatic ‘Red Priest’ of Venice, Antonio Vivaldi, is of oboe sonatas, played (as are most of the recordings in that catalogue) by an Italian ensemble with full awareness of the latest scholarly research into Vivaldi’s manuscripts and performing styles, and on period instruments, soaked in an appreciation of how most stylishly to realise the music of the Italian Baroque.

The oboist himself, Paolo Pollastri, is oboist with Rome’s Orchestra nazionale di Santa Cecilia, which works with many of the world’s great conductors; he has also contributed fine booklet notes to this release. So both technical and scholarly address are not lacking for this album of sprightly chamber music, which was composed not for the usual crowd of orphaned prodigies at the Ospedale della Pietà, but more likely for travelling virtuosi who made Venice a stop on their itinerary. Consequently the manuscripts for the sonatas here are scattered far and wide, from Cambridge to Dresden. Pollastri also includes an apocryphal work, once attributed to Vivaldi but now ascribed to the Frenchman de Chédeville, for its smooth Francophone style and pastoral idiom.

00:00:00 Sonata No. 5 in G Minor, FXIII, RV 28: I. [Largo]
00:04:09 Sonata No. 5 in G Minor, FXIII, RV 28: II. [Allegro]
00:06:21 Sonata No. 5 in G Minor, FXIII, RV 28: III. Largo
00:09:18 Sonata No. 5 in G Minor, FXIII, RV 28: IV. Allegro
00:11:32 Sonata No. 3 in C, FXV, RV 48: I. Affettuoso
00:15:04 Sonata No. 3 in C, FXV, RV 48: II. Allegro assai
00:17:15 Sonata No. 3 in C, FXV, RV 48: III. Larghetto
00:19:15 Sonata No. 3 in C, FXV, RV 48: IV. Allegro
00:21:28 Sonata No. 16 in B-Flat, FXII, RV 34: I. Adagio
00:22:56 Sonata No. 16 in B-Flat, FXII, RV 34: II. Allegro
00:25:16 Sonata No. 16 in B-Flat, FXII, RV 34: III. Largo
00:26:55 Sonata No. 16 in B-Flat, FXII, RV 34: IV. Allegro
00:29:10 Sonata No. 9 in G Minor, FXV, RV 51: I. Largo
00:32:37 Sonata No. 9 in G Minor, FXV, RV 51: II. Allegro
00:34:23 Sonata No. 9 in G Minor, FXV, RV 51: III. Andante
00:36:31 Sonata No. 9 in G Minor, FXV, RV 51: IV. Allegro
00:37:50 Sonata No. 2 in C Minor, FXV, RV 53: I. Adagio
00:40:28 Sonata No. 2 in C Minor, FXV, RV 53: II. Allegro
00:42:42 Sonata No. 2 in C Minor, FXV, RV 53: III. Andante
00:46:48 Sonata No. 2 in C Minor, FXV, RV 53: IV. Allegro
00:49:41 Sonata No. 10 in G Minor, FXVI, RV 58, from Il pastor fido Op.13 No.6 by Chédeville, once attributed to Vivaldi: I. Vivace
00:51:00 Sonata No. 10 in G Minor, FXVI, RV 58, from Il pastor fido Op.13 No.6 by Chédeville, once attributed to Vivaldi: II. Fuga da Cappella (Alla breve)
00:53:00 Sonata No. 10 in G Minor, FXVI, RV 58, from Il pastor fido Op.13 No.6 by Chédeville, once attributed to Vivaldi: III. Largo
00:54:20 Sonata No. 10 in G Minor, FXVI, RV 58, from Il pastor fido Op.13 No.6 by Chédeville, once attributed to Vivaldi: IV. Allegro ma non presto

Alfred Brendel’s first recorded cycle of the complete works for piano of Beethoven appeared in the 1960s on the Vox label. They established his reputation as a leading interpreter of the composer, and although he returned to the studio subsequently to re-record the sonatas and concertos for Philips, these early recordings have retained their freshness and originality. For many record collectors, the budget price Turnabout label provided a happy hunting ground for those who sought out unusual repertoire. The parent company Vox also had the vision to ask the relatively unknown Brendel to undertake the huge project of recording all the Beethoven Sonatas, Variations and Piano Concertos. These recordings document the artist as a young man at the outset of his extraordinary journey, and in repertoire that will always be closely associated with him. They also stand comparison with his later interpretations of Beethoven.

Composer: Ludwig van Beethoven
Artist: Alfred Brendel (piano)

Online purchase or streaming (Spotify, iTunes, Amazon Music, Deezer, Google Play): https://brilliant-classics.lnk.....to/BeethovenPianoSo
More Information: https://www.brilliantclassics.....com/articles/b/beeth
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00:00:00 Piano Sonata No.14 in C sharp Minor Op.27 No.2 ‘Moonlight’: I. Adagio sostenuto
00:05:58 Piano Sonata No.14 in C sharp Minor Op.27 No.2 ‘Moonlight’: II. Allegretto
00:08:16 Piano Sonata No.14 in C sharp Minor Op.27 No.2 ‘Moonlight’: III. Presto agitato
00:15:52 Piano Sonata No.8 in C Minor Op.13 ‘Pathétique’: I. Grave – Allegro di molto e con brio
00:25:00 Piano Sonata No.8 in C Minor Op.13 ‘Pathétique’: II. Adagio cantabile
00:30:44 Piano Sonata No.8 in C Minor Op.13 ‘Pathétique’: III. Rondo:Allegro
00:35:09 Piano Sonata No.23 in F Minor Op.57 ‘Appassionata’: I. Allegro assai
00:44:47 Piano Sonata No.23 in F Minor Op.57 ‘Appassionata’: II. Andante con moto
00:51:03 Piano Sonata No.23 in F Minor Op.57 ‘Appassionata’: III. Allegro ma non troppo

This selection gives you an beautiful impression of the first volume of the J.S. Bach - Complete Edition. For the Complete first Volume and the Complete Boxset please check the following links:

Physical purchase: http://brilliantclassics.com/a....rticles/j/js-bach-co

Online purchase or streaming (Spotify, iTunes, Amazon Music, Deezer, Google Play):
Vol. 1: https://brilliant-classics.lnk.to/bachvol1
Vol. 2: https://brilliant-classics.lnk.to/Bachvol2
Vol. 3: https://brilliant-classics.lnk.to/Bachvol3
Vol. 4: https://brilliant-classics.lnk.to/Bachvol4
Vol. 5: https://brilliant-classics.lnk.to/Bachvol5
Vol. 6: https://brilliant-classics.lnk.to/Bachvol6
Vol. 7: https://brilliant-classics.lnk.to/Bachvol7
Vol. 8: https://brilliant-classics.lnk.to/Bachvol8
Vol. 9: https://brilliant-classics.lnk.to/Bachvol9
Vol. 10: https://brilliant-classics.lnk.to/Bachvol10


Tracklist:
00:00:00 Concerto No. 1 in F Major, BWV 1046: I. –
00:03:54 Concerto No. 1 in F Major, BWV 1046: II. Adagio
00:07:28 Concerto No. 1 in F Major, BWV 1046: III. Allegro
00:11:34 Concerto No. 1 in F Major, BWV 1046: IV. Menuet - Trio No. 1 - Polonaise - Trio No. 2
00:19:39 Concerto No. 4 in G Major, BWV 1049: I. Allegro
00:26:21 Concerto No. 4 in G Major, BWV 1049: II. Andante
00:29:52 Concerto No. 4 in G Major, BWV 1049: III. Presto
00:34:26 Orchestral Suite No. 1 in C Major, BWV 1066: I. Ouverture
00:40:05 Orchestral Suite No. 1 in C Major, BWV 1066: II. Courante
00:41:43 Orchestral Suite No. 1 in C Major, BWV 1066: III. Gavotte No. 1 - Gavotte No. 2
00:44:10 Orchestral Suite No. 1 in C Major, BWV 1066: IV. Forlane
00:45:27 Orchestral Suite No. 1 in C Major, BWV 1066: V. Menuet No. 1 - Menuet No. 2
00:48:12 Orchestral Suite No. 1 in C Major, BWV 1066: VI. Bourrée No. 1 - Bourrée No. 2
00:50:37 Orchestral Suite No. 1 in C Major, BWV 1066: VII. Passepied No. 1 - Passepied No. 2
00:53:46 Violin Concerto in E Major, BWV 1042: I. Allegro
01:00:57 Violin Concerto in E Major, BWV 1042: II. Adagio
01:07:43 Violin Concerto in E Major, BWV 1042: III. Allegro assai
01:10:31 Harpsichord Concerto in D Minor, BWV 1052: I. Allegro
01:18:19 Harpsichord Concerto in D Minor, BWV 1052: II. Adagio
01:24:00 Harpsichord Concerto in D Minor, BWV 1052: III. Allegro
01:32:03 Harpsichord Concerto in F Minor, BWV 1056: I. –
01:36:31 Harpsichord Concerto in F Minor, BWV 1056: II. Largo
01:38:58 Harpsichord Concerto in F Minor, BWV 1056: III. Presto
01:42:31 Concerto in C Major for Two Harpsichords and Strings, BWV 1061: I. –
01:49:30 Concerto in C Major for Two Harpsichords and Strings, BWV 1061: II. Adagio ovvero largo
01:54:40 Concerto in C Major for Two Harpsichords and Strings, BWV 1061: III. Fugue
02:00:21 Concerto in A Minor, BWV 1044: I. Allegro
02:09:16 Concerto in A Minor, BWV 1044: II. Adagio
02:15:18 Concerto in A Minor, BWV 1044: III. Alla breve
02:22:25 Sonata No. 1 in G Minor, BWV 1001: I. Adagio
02:26:48 Sonata No. 1 in G Minor, BWV 1001: II. Fugue. Allegro
02:32:16 Partita No. 2 in D Minor, BWV 1004: V. Ciaccona
02:45:21 Suite No. 5 in C Minor, BWV 1011: I. Prelude
02:51:45 Suite No. 5 in C Minor, BWV 1011: II. Allemande
02:58:32 Suite No. 5 in C Minor, BWV 1011: III. Courante
03:00:58 Suite No. 5 in C Minor, BWV 1011: IV. Sarabande
03:04:01 Suite No. 5 in C Minor, BWV 1011: V. Gavotte No. 1 - Gavotte No. 2
03:09:21 Suite No. 5 in C Minor, BWV 1011: VI. Gigue
03:11:51 Suite No. 2 in D Minor, BWV 1008: I. Prelude
03:15:51 Suite No. 2 in D Minor, BWV 1008: II. Allemande
03:19:32 Suite No. 2 in D Minor, BWV 1008: III. Courante
03:21:58 Sonata in E Minor, BWV 1034: I. Adagio ma non tanto
03:25:04 Sonata in E Minor, BWV 1034: II. Allegro
03:27:34 Sonata in E Minor, BWV 1034: III. Andante
03:30:33 Sonata in E Minor, BWV 1034: IV. Allegro
03:35:36 Musikalisches Opfer, BWV 1079: IV. Sonata sopr'il soggetto reale. Largo
03:40:41 Musikalisches Opfer, BWV 1079: IV. Sonata sopr'il soggetto reale. Allegro
03:45:15 Musikalisches Opfer, BWV 1079: IV. Sonata sopr'il soggetto reale. Andante
03:47:49 Musikalisches Opfer, BWV 1079: IV. Sonata sopr'il soggetto reale. Allegro
03:50:29 Prelude, Fugue and Allegro in E-Flat Major, BWV 998: I. Prelude
03:53:33 Prelude, Fugue and Allegro in E-Flat Major, BWV 998: II. Fugue
04:00:21 Prelude, Fugue and Allegro in E-Flat Major, BWV 998: III. Allegro
04:04:42 Partita in C Minor, BWV 997: I. Prelude
04:08:37 Partita in C Minor, BWV 997: II. Fugue
04:16:20 Partita in C Minor, BWV 997: III. Sarabande
04:20:45 Partita in C Minor, BWV 997: IV. Gigue – Double
04:24:17 Sonata in G Minor, BWV 1029: I. Vivace
04:30:13 Sonata in G Minor, BWV 1029: II. Adagio
04:36:08 Sonata in G Minor, BWV 1029: III. Allegro
04:40:26 Musikalisches Opfer, BWV 1079: I. Ricercare a 3
04:46:43 Musikalisches Opfer, BWV 1079: II. Ricercare a 6

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Composer: Franz Liszt

Franz Liszt is universally celebrated as one of the greatest-ever virtuoso performers on the modern piano. Contemporary accounts describe his seemingly superhuman technical abilities and equally striking charisma and stage presence. Yet Liszt was a formidable composer, and his expansion of pianistic possibilities was achieved as much through innovation in his own great piano works as through his astonishing performance on the instrument, if not more. Like many child virtuosos thrust early into busy concert careers (Liszt’s began at the age of nine) he retired early, weary of the spotlight, turning his back on the stage at the remarkably early age of 35. Since he lived to the likewise remarkable old age of 75, much more than the latter half of his life was devoted solely to composition, and having been a pianist of his calibre, the works he created for his own instrument were indeed groundbreaking.

Tracklist Below:

Played by: Vincenzo Maltempo
00:00:00 Hungarian Rhapsodies No. 1 in C-Sharp Minor, S.244/1
00:13:02 Hungarian Rhapsodies No. 2 in C-Sharp Minor, S.244/2
00:25:41 Hungarian Rhapsodies No. 3 in B-Flat Minor, S.244/3
00:30:58 Hungarian Rhapsodies No. 4 in E-Flat Major
00:36:20 Hungarian Rhapsodies No. 5 in E Minor, S.244/5
00:46:17 Hungarian Rhapsodies No. 6 in D-Flat Major, S.244/6
00:53:22 Hungarian Rhapsodies No. 7 in D Minor, S.244/7
00:58:57 Hungarian Rhapsodies No. 8 in F-Sharp Minor, S.244/8
01:06:13 Hungarian Rhapsodies No. 9 in E-Flat Major, S.244/9
01:17:35 Hungarian Rhapsodies No. 10 in E Major, S.244/10
01:23:39 Hungarian Rhapsodies No. 11 in A Minor, S.244/11
01:29:37 Hungarian Rhapsodies No. 12 in C-Sharp Minor, S.244/12
01:39:56 Hungarian Rhapsodies No. 13 in A Minor, S.244/13
01:50:05 Hungarian Rhapsodies No. 14 in F Minor, S.244/14
02:02:59 Hungarian Rhapsodies No. 15 in A Minor, S.244/15
02:08:49 Hungarian Rhapsodies No. 16 in A Minor, S.244/16
02:13:50 Hungarian Rhapsodies No. 17 in D Minor, S.244/17
02:16:46 Hungarian Rhapsodies No. 18 in F-Sharp Minor, S.244/18
02:19:53 Hungarian Rhapsodies No. 19 in D Minor, Ss.244/19

Played by: Enrico Pace
02:30:04 Années de pèlerinage I, S.160: I. Chapelle de Guillaume Tell
02:35:34 Années de pèlerinage I, S.160: II. Au lac de Wallenstadt
02:38:43 Années de pèlerinage I, S.160: III. Pastorale
02:40:24 Années de pèlerinage I, S.160: IV. Au bord d'une source
02:44:22 Années de pèlerinage I, S.160: V. Orage
02:48:29 Années de pèlerinage I, S.160: VI. Vallée d'Obermann
03:02:20 Années de pèlerinage I, S.160: VII. Eglogue
03:05:58 Années de pèlerinage I, S.160: VIII. Le mal du pays
03:11:54 Années de pèlerinage I, S.160: IX. Les cloches de Genève

Tracklist below.

Are you studying? In need for some relaxation? Listen now to our compilation of the best classical music ever made for one of the most beautiful instruments of the world: the piano! Listen to more than 2 hours of populair piano pieces. Enjoy, and go for more information to brilliantclassics.com.

Tracklist
1) 00:00:00 – Nocturne in B-Flat Minor, Op. 9 No. 1 – Frédéric Chopin
2) 00:05:13 – Piano Sonata No. 14 in C-Sharp Minor, Op. 27 No. 2 “Moonlight”: I. Adagio sostenuto – Ludwig van Beethoven
3) 00:11:12 – Nocturne in C-Sharp Minor, Op. Posth. – Frédéric Chopin
4) 00:15:17 – Piano Sonata No. 14 in C-Sharp Minor, Op. 27 No. 2 “Moonlight”: III. Presto agitato – Ludwig van Beethoven
5) 00:22:53 – Children’s Corner, L. 113: VI. Golliwog’s Cakewalk – Claude Debussy
6) 00:25:35 – Liebestraum No. 3, S. 541 – Franz Liszt
7) 00:30:06 – Fantasie Impromptu No. 4 in C-Sharp Minor, Op. 66 - Frédéric Chopin
8) 00:35:17 – Piano Sonata No. 8 in C Minor, Op. 13 No. 2 “Pathétique”: I. Grave – Allegro di molto e con brio – Ludwig van Beethoven
9) 00:44:25 – Nocturne in E-Flat Major, Op. 9 No. 2 – Frédéric Chopin
10) 00:48:42 – Claire de Lune, L. 32 – Claude Debussy
11) 00:53:41 – Gymnopédie No. 1. Lent et douloureux – Erik Satie
12) 00:57:21 – 8 Klavierstücke, Op. 76: No. 2, Capriccio in B Minor. Allegretto non troppo – Johannes Brahms
13) 01:01:03 – Piano Sonata No. 8 in C Minor, Op. 13 No. 2 “Pathétique”: II. Adagio Cantabile – Ludwig van Beethoven
14) 01:06:47 – Polonaise in A Major, Op. 40 No. 1 “Military” - Frédéric Chopin
15) 01:12:23 – Piano Sonata No. 11 in A Major, K. 331: III. Alla Turca. Allegretto – Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart
16) 01:15:51 – Piano Sonata No. 8 in C Minor, Op. 13 No. 2 “Pathétique”: III. Rondo. Allegro – Ludwig van Beethoven
17) 01:20:16 – 6 Moments musicaux, D. 780: No. 3, Allegro moderato – Franz Schubert
18) 01:22:20 – Lyric Pieces, Op. 54: III. March of the Dwarfs – Edvard Grieg
19) 01:25:14 – Consolation in D-Flat Major, S. 172 – Franz Liszt
20) 01:28:20 – Bagatelle in A Minor “Fur Elise”, WoO 59 – Ludwig van Beethoven
21) 01:31:11 – Polonaise in A-Flat Major, Op. 53 “Heroic” – Frédéric Chopin
22) 01:38:14 – Valses oubliées, S. 215: No. 1 – Franz Liszt
23) 01:41:20 – Consolation in E-Flat Major, S. 172 – Franz Liszt
24) 01:44:41 – Sonate facile in C Major, K. 545: I. Allegro – Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart
25) 01:48:04 – 16 Waltzes, Op. 39: No. 15, Waltz in A-Flat Major “Lullaby” – Johannes Brahms
26) 01:49:41 – Nocturne in E-Flat Major, Op. 9 No. 2 – Frédéric Chopin
27) 01:53:50 – Prelude in D-Flat, Op. 28 No. 15 “Raindrop” – Frédéric Chopin
28) 01:59:05 – Intermezzo in B-Flat Minor, Op. 117 No. 2 – Johannes Brahms
29) 02:03:57 – Arabeske, Op. 18 – Robert Schumann
30) 02:10:17 – 4 Impromptus, D. 889, Op. 90: III. Impromptu in G-Flat Major – Franz Schubert
31) 02:15:33 – The Seasons, Op. 37a: No. 3, March. Song of Lark in G Minor. Adantino Esspresivo. Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky
32) 02:17:13 – 2 Morceaux, Op 9: No. 1, Valse – Anatoly Lyadov
33) 02:18:44 – Lyric Pieces, Op. 43: No. 6, To Spring – Edvard Grieg
34) 02:21:10 – Waltzes, Op. 64: No. 1, Waltz in D-Flat Major “Minute Waltz” – Frédéric Chopin
35) 02:22:52 – Lieder ohne Worte, Op. 19b: No. 6, Venetian Gondola Song. Andante sostenuto – Felix Mendelssohn
36) 02:25:55 – Rêverie, L. 68 – Claude Debussy
37) 02:29:39 – Waldszenen, Op. 82: No. 7, Vogel als Prophet – Robert Schumann
38) 02:32:30 – Rhapsodies, Op. 79: No. 1 in B Minor: Agitato – Johannes Brahms

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Composer: Antonio Vivaldi
Artists: l'Arte dell'Arco, Federico Guglielmo (violin & concert master)

These performances of Vivaldi’s violins concertos Op. 6 are a far cry from the elegant and charming performances of past generations: played on period instruments Vivaldi sounds powerful, vibrant, full of passion and drama.The “one player per part” formation is based on recent research by English scholar Richard Maunder, and provide a close, immediate sound, as it might have been heard in a Venetian Palace.

Vivaldi’s op.6 concertos first appeared in print in Amsterdam in 1719. However, this edition was unreliable in the extreme. Scoring was incorrect, the number of works indistinct, random movements separated from their correct work, and a host of other errors.
What is clear though is that these concertos are a decisive step forward from the works found in opp. 3 and 4. For example, all follow the fast-slow-fast pattern of the threemovement concerto. The solo violin has prominence, so we are moving away from the concerto-grosso style.
These recordings are the world premiere of the new critical edition by Alessandro Borin, Istituto Italiano Antonio Vivaldi, Fondazione Giorgio Cini,Venice.

00:00:00 Concerto No. 4 in D, RV 216 for violin, strings and continuo: I. Allegro
00:02:01 Concerto No. 4 in D, RV 216 for violin, strings and continuo: II. Adagio
00:03:33 Concerto No. 4 in D, RV 216 for violin, strings and continuo: III. Allegro
00:06:00 Concerto No. 5 in E Minor, RV 280 for violin, strings and continuo: I. Allegro
00:09:00 Concerto No. 5 in E Minor, RV 280 for violin, strings and continuo: II. Largo
00:11:05 Concerto No. 5 in E Minor, RV 280 for violin, strings and continuo: III. Allegro)
00:13:05 Concerto No. 6 in D Minor, RV 239 for violin, strings and continuo: I. Allegro
00:16:29 Concerto No. 6 in D Minor, RV 239 for violin, strings and continuo: II. Largo
00:18:55 Concerto No. 6 in D Minor, RV 239 for violin, strings and continuo: III. Allegro
00:22:03 Concerto No. 2 in E-Flat, RV 259 for violin, strings and continuo: I. Allegro
00:26:00 Concerto No. 2 in E-Flat, RV 259 for violin, strings and continuo: II. Largo
00:27:47 Concerto No. 2 in E-Flat, RV 259 for violin, strings and continuo: III. Allegro
00:30:48 Concerto No. 1 in G Minor, RV 324 for violin, strings and continuo: I. Allegro
00:34:19 Concerto No. 1 in G Minor, RV 324 for violin, strings and continuo: II. Grave
00:37:33 Concerto No. 1 in G Minor, RV 324 for violin, strings and continuo: III. Allegro
00:40:11 Concerto No. 3 in G, RV 318 for violin, strings and continuo: I. Allegro
00:43:17 Concerto No. 3 in G, RV 318 for violin, strings and continuo: II. Adagio
00:45:00 Concerto No. 3 in G, RV 318 for violin, strings and continuo: III. Allegro

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Luigi Boccherini wrote many string quintets for various combinations of instruments. This is the second volume of Boccherini's complete string quintets, performed by La Magnifica Comunità on period instruments. Their baroque ensemble here consist of the for Boccherini typical combination of two violins, one viola and two cellos.

Composer: Luigi Boccherini
Artist: Enrico Casazza violin and concert master La Magnifica Comunità ensemble

00:00:00 Quintetto I in B-Flat Major, G. 271: adagio non tanto
00:06:29 Quintetto II in A Major, G. 272: allegro non molto
00:13:46Quintetto I in B-Flat Major, G. 271: allegro
00:23:07Quintetto I in B-Flat Major, G. 271: allegro assai
00:29:52 Quintetto III in C Major, G. 273: allegro molto
00:36:54Quintetto III in C Major, G. 273: Larghetto
00:40:16 Quintetto III in C Major, G. 273: Minuetto, trio
00:43:22 Quintetto III in C Major, G. 273: Presto
00:46:59 Quintetto IV in F Minor, G. 274: Larghetto
00:52:11 Quintetto V in E Major, G. 275: Minuetto, trio
00:55:25 Quintetto II in A Major, G. 272: allegro assai
00:59:19 Quintetto VI in D Major, G. 276, "L’Uccelliera": adagio assai
01:00:15 Quintetto II in A Major, G. 272: Larghetto
01:05:13Quintetto II in A Major, G. 272: Minuetto, trio
01:09:41Quintetto IV in F Minor, G. 274: Vivace
01:18:09 Quintetto IV in F Minor, G. 274: Minuetto, trio
01:21:22 Quintetto IV in F Minor, G. 274: Presto
01:25:09 Quintetto V in E Major, G. 275: amoroso
01:29:59 Quintetto V in E Major, G. 275: rondeau, andante
01:37:31 Quintetto VI in D Major, G. 276, "L’Uccelliera": allegro Giusto
01:48:33 Quintetto VI in D Major, G. 276, "L’Uccelliera": allegro (Li Pastori e Li Cacciatori)
01:50:58 Quintetto V in E Major, G. 275: allegro e con spirito
01:59:04 Quintetto VI in D Major, G. 276, "L’Uccelliera": tempo di Minuetto
02:01:45 Quintetto VI in D Major, G. 276, "L’Uccelliera": tempo di Prima

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Composer: Georg Philipp Telemann
Artists: Collegium Instrumentale Brugense, Patrick Peire (conductor)

Georg Philipp Telemann (1681–1767) was one of the most prolific composers of the 18th century; although the largest part of his compositional activities were devoted to vocal music, he wrote a substantial number of overtures, which this splendid 8-disc collection is dedicated to.

Although Telemann chose the title of ‘Overtures’, this was somewhat interchangeable with the genre of the Suite in his era. Each work opens with a three-part French overture, and this is followed by a series of varied, shorter pieces – encompassing everything from dances (drawn from the French tradition and beyond), fugues, chaconnes, passacailles, musical portraits, folk dances and evocations of scenes and characters.

In these eight discs, Collegium Instrumentale Brugense and Patrick Peire’s three separate volumes of Telemann Overtures have been collected together for the first time, creating a box set that is set apart by its breadth. Its overview of 33 Overtures illuminates Telemann’s hugely inventive approach to instrumentation, while revealing the wealth of subjects that he sought inspiration in. The ‘Alster Overtüre’, for example, named after the Alster river in Germany, features a ‘Concert of Frogs and Crows’, while another Overture is inspired by Cervantes’ Don Quixote.

A generous selection of 33 Overtures (or Orchestral Suites) by Georg Philipp Telemann, formerly issued separately, now collected in one 8-CD set. This collection contains the Last 2 out of 8 discs.

CD1: TWV55: D18, G10 ‘Burlesque de Quixotte’, c2 & D4
CD2: TWV55: F11 ‘Alster’, B5 ‘Volker’,d2 & B7
CD3: TWV55: a4, A4, D23 & G4 ‘Des Nations anciens et modernes’
CD4: TWV55: D22 ‘Ouverture jointes d’une Suite tragi-comique’, e7, h4, e3 & c4
CD5: TWV55: d3, F4, B11 ‘La Bourse’ & Es1
CD6: TWV55: C6, f1, B8 ‘Burlesque’ & g9
-CD7: TWV55: D17, A2, a2 & e8 ‘l’Omphale’
-CD8: TWV55: F16 ‘Pour S.A.S. Monseigheur Le Landgrave de Darmstadt’, g2 ‘La Changeante’, G7 & D13 ‘La Gaillarde’


Tracklist can be found in the comment section below!

Tracklist below

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Best selling recording artist and prolific recitalist Irene Russo showcases a rare selection of recordings displaying the deeply spiritual, sacred dimension to Liszt’s music. Featuring Liszt’s masterful transcriptions of his own orchestral and choral works plus original works for piano, Russo brings her formidable interpretative skills to these powerful and varied works. Beautiful sacred piano music.

Track list
00:00:00 O Roma nobilis, S. 546a
00:02:11 2 Transcriptionen über Themen aus Mozarts Requiem, S. 550: I. Confutatis maledictis
00:05:23 2 Transcriptionen über Themen aus Mozarts Requiem, S. 550: II. Lacrymosa
00:09:13 Via crucis, S. 504a
00:56:10 Totentanz: Paraphrase on Dies Irae, S. 525
01:12:33 Angelus! Prière aux anges gardiens, S. 163
01:22:51 Miserere, d’après Palestrina, S. 173
01:27:55 Ave Maria, die Glocken von Rom in E Major, S. 182
01:34:49 Ave Maria II, aus den neun Kirchenchorgesängen, S. 504
01:41:35 Bénédiction de dieu dans la solitude, S. 173
02:02:47 2 Légendes, S. 175: I. St François d’Assise. La prédication aux oiseaux
02:14:19 2 Légendes, S. 175: II. St François de Paule marchant sur les flots
02:23:43 Pater noster, d’après la psalmodie de l’église in C Major, S. 173

Artist:
Irene Russo (piano)

Enjoy this selection of essential classical music, with the best music ever made! Classical music is ideal for studying or for relexation. All the essential pieces are included in this compilation. For more more information about the music, visit www.brilliantclassics.com.+

1) 0:00:00 – 2 Morceaux. Op. 10: No. 2, Humoresque in G Major. Menuet – Luigi Boccherini.
2) 0:03:32 – Concerto No. 3 in G Major, BWV 1048: I. – Johann Sebastian Bach
3) 0:08:51 – Concerto in F Minor, Op. 8 ‘Der Winter’: I. Allegro non molto – Antonio Vivaldi
4) 0:12:08 – Mazurka in A Minor, Op. 67 No. 4 – Frédéric Chopin
5) 0:15:12 – Fantasiestücke, Op. 73: Valse Sentimentale – Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov
6) 0:17:07 – Requiem in D Minor, K. 626: III: Sequentia. Lacrimosa – Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart
7) 0:20:11 – Eine kleine Nachtmusik, K. 525: I. Allegro – Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart
8) 0:25:27 – Concerto No. 2 in G Minor, RV 315, Op. 8, ‘Summer’: III. Presto – Antonio Vivaldi
9) 0:28:18 – Orchestral suite No. 3 in D Major, BWV 1068: II. Air – Johann Sebastian Bach
10) 0:32:35 – Concerto No. 1 in E Major, RV 269, Op. 8 ‘Spring’: I. Allegro – Antonio Vivaldi
11) 0:36:02 – Suite No. 1 in G Major, BWV 1007: I. Prelude – Johann Sebastian Bach
12) 0:39:16 – Violin Concerto in A Minor, BWV 1041: I – Johann Sebastian Bach
13) 0:43:14 – Piano Concerto No. 21 in C Major, K. 467: II. Andante ‘Elvira Madigan’ – Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart
14) 0:49:21 – Symphony No. 9 in E Minor, Op. 95, B. 178: IV. Allegro con fuoco
15) 1:00:11 – Violin concerto in E Major, BWV 1042: III. Allegro assai
16) 1:02:58 – The Carnival of the Animals: XIII. The Swan – Camille Saint-Saëns
17) 1:05:56 – Jesu, meine Freude, BWV 227 – Johann Sebastian Bach
18) 1:08:57 – String Quartets in C Major, Op. 76 No. 3, Hob III:77 ‘Emperor’. II. Poco adagio – Franz Joseph Haydn
19) 1:15:22 – Carmina Burana: O fortuna (Chorus) – Carl Orff
20) 1:17:56 – Piano Concerto No. 1 in B-Flat Minor, Op. 23: I. Allegro non troppo e molto maestoso – Allegro con spirito – Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky
21) 1:37:20 – Jazz Suite No. 1, Op. 38a: I. Waltz – Dmitri Shostakovich
22) 1:39:44 – Violin Sonata No. 1 in F Major, Op. 8: I. Allegro con brio – Edvard Grieg
23) 1:49:34 – Cello Concerto in B Minor, Op. 104: I. Allegro – Antonín Dvořák
24) 2:03:47 – Swan Lake, Op. 20, Pt. 1: I. Introduction. Moderato assai – Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky
25) 2:06:55 – The Nutcracker, Op. 71, Pt. 2: XVI. Tea, Chinese Dance – Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky
26) 2:08:02 – Cello Concerto in A Minor, Op. 129: III. Sehr lebhaft – Robert Schumann
27) 2:15:30 – Danse macabre in G Minor, Op. 40 – Camille Saint-Saëns
28) 2:22:51 – Finlandia, Op. 26- Jean Sibelius

Tracklist in the Comment Section:
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The 18th-century Italian Carlo Tessarini has only emerged relatively recently as the brilliant musician and composer that he was (thanks, in part, to an in-depth study published in 2012). He travelled widely, taking on diverse forms of work, and remaining musically active until a ripe old age – remembered by one of his contemporaries as a ‘lively 70-year-old who still regularly played the violin’.

We are treated here to an album consisting almost entirely of world premiere recordings. Within Tessarini’s exclusively instrumental oeuvre, he was in particular a prolific solo sonata writer. His works oscillated between virtuosity and accessibility – reflecting in part the commercial considerations attached to the publication of his work – though there is more than enough of the former here to excite the listener’s ear. Equally manifest are his subtle compositional innovations, such as the fluid approach to melodic counterpoint discernible in the Sonata in C major Op.2. The result is an album sure to convince listeners of the deeper attention that this skilful composer merits.

The sonatas are played by Valerio Losito, an esteemed violinist and viola d’amore player as well as a musicologist, whose first recording for Brilliant Classics was a Scarlatti album in 2011. The basso continuo is played by harpsichordist, professor and radio broadcaster Federico del Sordo.

Other information:
- Rarely recorded repertoire.
- Carlo Tessarini received his musical tuition in Venice, probably with Vivaldi and Corelli (whose musical heir he clearly is). He became a famous virtuoso on the violin, travelling Europe like a modern day pop star. He died in Amsterdam, leaving a substantial oeuvre mainly written for his own instrument.
- His violin sonatas are firmly rooted in the baroque tradition, but already pointing towards the “galante style” of the late 18th century, with an emphasis on belcanto melodies and cler and transparent structures.

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Composer & Artists:
Composer: Carl Friedrich Abel
Artists: Georgia Browne (flute), Nordic Affect ensemble

About this Album:
Although Carl Friedrich Abel (1723–87) is known as one of the last and greatest virtuosos of the viola da gamba, his instrument declined in popularity towards the end of the 18th century, leading him to compose for other instruments; some of his most successful results can be heard in the music recorded on this disc.

Abel’s ability to compose particularly fine music for the flute can be traced back his time working at the Dresden court, which possessed one of the greatest orchestras of the era. Among the musicians working there were the flautists Buffardin and Quantz – the latter a prolific composer of flute concertos and sonatas for Frederick the Great, a notable patron of the arts. It is likely that Abel himself was a skilled flautist, and the instrument’s popularity at the time created a great demand for new compositions.

The works featured on this disc are less well known than Abel’s music for viola da gamba, and are performed less often. However, they provide an insight into 18th century music’s transition from Baroque complexity to the melody-driven Classical style, and are illuminated through performances by flute soloist Georgia Browne and the ensemble Nordic Affect, specialists in historical performance.

Tracklist:
00:00:00 Concerto for flute and strings No.5 in G: I. Allegro
00:06:32 Concerto for flute and strings No.5 in G: II. Adagio
00:10:57 Concerto for flute and strings No.5 in G: III. Presto
00:16:21 Sonata No.1 in C, Op. 6: I. Adagio
00:19:24 Sonata No.1 in C, Op. 6: II. Allegro
00:22:42 Sonata No.1 in C, Op. 6: III. Vivace
00:25:38 Trio Sonata No.1 in G, Op. 3: I. Vivace
00:30:47 Trio Sonata No.1 in G, Op. 3: II. Adagio ma non troppo
00:33:53 Trio Sonata No.1 in G, Op. 3: III. Menuetto
00:36:03 Sonata No.3 in E Minor, Op. 6: I. Adagio
00:38:41 Sonata No.3 in E Minor, Op. 6: II. Allegro
00:42:20 Sonata No.3 in E Minor, Op. 6: III. Vivace
00:45:28 Concerto for flute and strings No.2 in E Minor: I. Allegro
00:51:38 Concerto for flute and strings No.2 in E Minor: II. Adagio ma non troppo
00:57:01 Concerto for flute and strings No.2 in E Minor: III. Allegro
01:01:50 Symphony No.1 in C, Op. 7: I. Allegro assai
01:06:08 Symphony No.1 in C, Op. 7: II. Andantino
01:10:31 Symphony No.1 in C, Op. 7: III. Allegro

#Classical #BrilliantClassics #Music #Composer #ClassicalMusic #Abel #Strings #ClassicalStrings

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Composers: Antonio Vivaldi, Nicolas Chedeville
Artists: Collegium Pro Musica, Stefano Bagliano (solo recorder), Alberto Pisani (cello), Fabiano Martignago (bass recorder), Andrea Coen (harpsichord)

The first thing to say about these six flute sonatas is that they are not by Vivaldi, nor did they ever have anything to do with the Italian composer. They are instead the work of Nicolas de Chédeville (1705-1782), an oboist and musette player, a student of the great French recorder virtuoso Louis Hotteterre who by the age of 25 had acquired a sufficient name for himself to publish his own compositions. He in turn became an esteemed teacher who worked for the royal households.

In 1737 he made a secret agreement with Jean-Noël Marchand for the latter to obtain a privilege to engrave, print and sell a work as Vivaldi's Il pastor fido, op.13, but in a notarial act dated 17 September 1749 Marchand declared that Chédeville was the composer, also revealing that Chédeville had provided the money for the publication and was receiving the emoluments. It is not certain why Chédeville chose to have his own work attributed to Vivaldi and issued under the privilege of Marchand, but perhaps, as Lescat has suggested, he was trying to give the musette, his favourite instrument, the endorsement of a great composer that it had lacked up until then.
But Chédeville, Vivaldi, whoever: what counts is the dancing vitality and simple, beguiling charm of these sonatas, which are played here by an experienced Italian early-music ensemble, whose previous recordings on Brilliant have met with warm critical response.

The Baroque recorder sonatas on this album bear the title “Il pastor fido”, a hugely popular play by Giovanni Guarini, which inspired many composers with its sensuous, pastoral and “romantic” atmosphere. The sonatas were attributed to Antonio Vivaldi (because of the commercial power of his fame) till in 1990 proof was found they have been written by the French composer Nicolas Chédeville, who borrowed material from Vivaldi and other composers, and developed it in the same idiom.
Excellent performances by the Ensemble Pro Musica, elite players from the Italian Early Music scene: Stefano Bagliano (recorder), Andrea Coen (harpsichord and organ).

00:00:00 Il pastor fido, Op. 13 Sonata No. 1 in C Major: I. Moderato
00:03:00 Il pastor fido, Op. 13 Sonata No. 1 in C Major: II. Allegro, tempo di gavotte
00:04:25 Il pastor fido, Op. 13 Sonata No. 1 in C Major: III. Aria affettuoso
00:07:00 Il pastor fido, Op. 13 Sonata No. 1 in C Major: IV. Allegro
00:09:25 Il pastor fido, Op. 13 Sonata No. 1 in C Major: V. Giga allegro
00:11:32 Il pastor fido, Op. 13 Sonata No. 2 in C Major: I. Preludio, adagio
00:13:51 Il pastor fido, Op. 13 Sonata No. 2 in C Major: II. Allegro assai
00:15:50 Il pastor fido, Op. 13 Sonata No. 2 in C Major: III. Sarabanda, adagio
00:18:00 Il pastor fido, Op. 13 Sonata No. 2 in C Major: IV. Allegro
00:19:54 Il pastor fido, Op. 13 Sonata No. 3 in G Major: I. Preludio, andante
00:22:12 Il pastor fido, Op. 13 Sonata No. 3 in G Major: II. Allegro ma non presto
00:24:54 Il pastor fido, Op. 13 Sonata No. 3 in G Major: III. Sarabanda
00:26:31 Il pastor fido, Op. 13 Sonata No. 3 in G Major: IV. Corrente
00:29:00 Il pastor fido, Op. 13 Sonata No. 3 in G Major: V. Giga, allegro
00:30:13 Il paster fido, Op. 13 Sonata No. 4 in A Major: I. Preludio, largo
00:32:38 Il pastor fido, Op. 13 Sonata No. 4 in A Major: II. Allegro ma non presto
00:35:36 Il pastor fido, Op. 13 Sonata No. 4 in A Major: III. Pastorale
00:39:08 Il pastor fido, Op. 13 Sonata No. 4 in A Major: IV. Allegro
00:41:04 Il pastor fido, Op. 13 Sonata No. 5 in C Major: I. Un poco vivace
00:42:54 Il pastor fido, Op. 13 Sonata No. 5 in C Major: II. Allegro ma non presto
00:45:32 Il pastor fido, Op. 13 Sonata No. 5 in C Major: III. Un poco vivace
00:48:32 Il pastor fido, Op. 13 Sonata No. 5 in C Major: IV. Giga
00:50:36 Il pastor fido, Op. 13 Sonata No. 5 in C Major: V. Adagio
00:51:48 Il pastor fido, Op. 13 Sonata No. 5 in C Major: VI. Minuetto I/II/I
00:52:24 Il pastor fido, Op. 13 Sonata No. 6 in G Minor: I. Vivace
00:55:51 Il pastor fido, Op. 13 Sonata No. 6 in G Minor: II. Fuga da capella
00:57:40 Il pastor fido, Op. 13 Sonata No. 6 in G Minor: III. Largo
00:59:34 Il pastor fido, Op. 13 Sonata No. 6 in G Minor: IV. Allegro ma non presto