Support us on Patreon! http://patreon.com/eons

The best evidence we have suggests that, while Caviomorpha originated in South America, they came from ancestors in Africa, over 40 million years ago. So how did they get there?

This episode was written by Genevieve Perdue.

Thanks to Ceri Thomas for the Josephoartigasia monesi reconstruction. Check out more of Ceri's paleoart at http://alphynix.tumblr.com and http://nixillustration.com

Produced in collaboration with PBS Digital Studios: http://youtube.com/pbsdigitalstudios

Super special thanks to the following Patreon patrons for helping make Eons possible:

Katie Fichtner, Aldo Espinosa Zúñiga, Anthony Callaghan, Esmeralda Rupp-Spangle, Gregory Donovan, Ehit Dinesh Agarwal, الخليفي سلطان, Gabriel Cortez, Marcus Lejon, Anel Salas, Robert Arévalo, Robert Hill, Kelby Reid, Todd Dittman, Betsy Radley, PS, Colin Sylvester, Philip Slingerland, John Vanek, Jose Garcia, Noah offitzer, Eric Vonk, Tony Wamsley, Henrik Peteri, Jonathan Wright, Jon Monteiro, James Bording, Brad Nicholls, Miles Chaston, Michael McClellan, Jeff Graham, Maria Humphrey, Nathan Paskett, Connor Jensen, Sapjes, Daisuke Goto, Hubert Rady, Yuntao Zhou, Gregory Kintz, Tyson Cleary, Chandler Bass, Maly Lor, Joao Ascensao, Tsee Lee, Sarah Fritts, Ruben Winter, Ron Harvey Jr, Jacob Gerke, Alex Yan

If you'd like to support the channel, head over to http://patreon.com/eons and pledge for some cool rewards!

Want to follow Eons elsewhere on the internet?
Facebook - https://www.facebook.com/eonsshow
Twitter - https://twitter.com/eonsshow
Instagram - https://www.instagram.com/eonsshow/

References:

https://academic.oup.com/bioli....nnean/article/121/4/
https://link.springer.com/arti....cle/10.1007/s11692-0
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21993503
https://www.sciencedirect.com/....science/article/pii/
http://rspb.royalsocietypublis....hing.org/content/275
https://www.researchgate.net/p....ublication/316684055
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.co....m/doi/abs/10.1002/ev
https://www.nature.com/articles/26886
https://journals.plos.org/plos....one/article?id=10.13
https://books.google.com/books..../about/Mammals_of_th
https://scinapse.io/papers/2167227626
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21238387
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.co....m/doi/abs/10.1002/jm
http://science.sciencemag.org/content/323/5915/732
https://www.nature.com/scitabl....e/topicpage/the-mole
https://link.springer.com/chap....ter/10.1007/978-1-46
https://www.jstor.org/stable/2999827
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10423268
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.co....m/doi/book/10.1002/9
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11476632
Lavocat, R. “La syste´matique des rongeurs hystricomorphes et la de´rive des continents.” Comptes Rendus de l'Académie des Sciences Series D 269 (1969).
https://link.springer.com/chap....ter/10.1007/978-1-46
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.co....m/doi/full/10.1111/j
https://www.researchgate.net/p....ublication/256415173
https://www.researchgate.net/p....ublication/263582456
https://www.jstor.org/stable/2401146
Merali, Z., and B.J. Skinner. Visualizing Earth Science (2009). Hoboken: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
http://rspb.royalsocietypublis....hing.org/content/275
https://academic.oup.com/jmamm....al/article/91/1/11/8
Mones, A., and J. Ojasti. “Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris.” Mammalian Species 264(1986).
https://www.sciencedirect.com/....science/article/pii/
Morrison, M.L., Marcot, B.G., and R.W. Mannan. Wildlife-Habitat Relationships: Concepts and Applications, 3rd ed. (2006). Washington, D.C.: Island Press.
Nowak, R. M. Walker’s mammals of the world, 5th ed. (1991). Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press.
http://advances.sciencemag.org..../content/2/8/e160088
https://www.researchgate.net/p....ublication/299560709
https://scinapse.io/papers/184792926
Patton, J. L., Pardiñas, U. F. J., and G. D’Elía. Mammals of South America, Vol. 2, Rodents (2015). Chicago: The University of Chicago Press.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16551580
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/p....mc/articles/PMC25999
https://www.jstor.org/stable/25654250
Scotese, C.R. “A Continental Drift Flipbook.” The Journal of Geology 112.6 (2004).
Simpson, G.G. 1940. “Mammals and land bridges.” Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences 30 (1940).
https://www.researchgate.net/p....ublication/282577627

The California condor is the biggest flying bird in North America, a title that it has held since the Late Pleistocene Epoch. It's just one example of an organism that we share the planet with today that seems lost in time, out of place in our world.

Thanks as always to Studio 252mya for their wonderful paleoart. You can check out more of their work here: https://252mya.com

Produced in collaboration with PBS Digital Studios: http://youtube.com/pbsdigitalstudios

Super special thanks to the following Patreon patrons for helping make Eons possible:

Katie Fichtner, Anthony Callaghan, XULIN GE, Po Foon Kwong, Larry Wilson, Merri Snaidman, Renzo Caimi, Ordenes, John Vanek, Neil H. Gray, Marilyn Wolmart, Esmeralda Rupp-Spangle, Gregory Donovan, Ehit Dinesh Agarwal, الخليفي سلطان, Gabriel Cortez, Marcus Lejon, Robert Arévalo, Robert Hill, Kelby Reid, Todd Dittman, Betsy Radley, PS, Philip Slingerland, Jose Garcia, Eric Vonk, Tony Wamsley, Henrik Peteri, Jonathan Wright, Jon Monteiro, James Bording, Brad Nicholls, Miles Chaston, Michael McClellan, Jeff Graham, Maria Humphrey, Nathan Paskett, Connor Jensen, Daisuke Goto, Hubert Rady, Gregory Kintz, Tyson Cleary, Chandler Bass, Maly Lor, Joao Ascensao, Tsee Lee, Sarah Fritts, Ron Harvey Jr, Jacob Gerke, Alex Yan

If you'd like to support the channel, head over to http://patreon.com/eons and pledge for some cool rewards!

Want to follow Eons elsewhere on the internet?
Facebook - https://www.facebook.com/eonsshow
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References: https://bit.ly/2HdL2V7

Viewers like you help make PBS (Thank you

Try CuriosityStream today: http://curiositystream.com/eons

Viewers like you help make PBS (Thank you

For more than 10 million years, Megalodon was at the top of its game as the oceans’ apex predator...until 2.6 million years ago, when it went extinct. So, what happened to the largest shark in history?

Thanks as always to Nobumichi Tamura for allowing us to use his wonderful paleoart: http://spinops.blogspot.com/

And thanks to Joschua Knüppe and Studio 252mya for the illustration of Piscobalaena. You can find more of Joschua's work here: https://www.deviantart.com/hyrotrioskjan

Produced in collaboration with PBS Digital Studios: http://youtube.com/pbsdigitalstudios

Super special thanks to the following Patreon patrons for helping make Eons possible:

Katie Fichtner, Anthony Callaghan, Neil H. Gray, Marilyn Wolmart, Esmeralda Rupp-Spangle, Gregory Donovan, Ehit Dinesh Agarwal, سلطان الخليفي, Gabriel Cortez, Marcus Lejon, Anel Salas, Robert Arévalo, Robert Hill, Kelby Reid, Todd Dittman, Betsy Radley, PS, Colin Sylvester, Philip Slingerland, John Vanek, Jose Garcia, Eric Vonk, Tony Wamsley, Henrik Peteri, Jonathan Wright, Jon Monteiro, James Bording, Brad Nicholls, Miles Chaston, Michael McClellan, Jeff Graham, Maria Humphrey, Nathan Paskett, Connor Jensen, Sapjes, Daisuke Goto, Hubert Rady, Yuntao Zhou, Gregory Kintz, Tyson Cleary, Chandler Bass, Maly Lor, Joao Ascensao, Tsee Lee, Sarah Fritts, Ruben Winter, Ron Harvey Jr, Jacob Gerke, Alex Yan

If you'd like to support the channel, head over to http://patreon.com/eons and pledge for some cool rewards!

Want to follow Eons elsewhere on the internet?
Facebook - https://www.facebook.com/eonsshow
Twitter - https://twitter.com/eonsshow
Instagram - https://www.instagram.com/eonsshow/

References:
https://www.researchgate.net/p....rofile/John_Barron3/
https://www.researchgate.net/p....ublication/312500230
https://journals.plos.org/plos....one/article?id=10.13
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.co....m/doi/abs/10.1111/j.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28586693
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27381883
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/p....mc/articles/PMC45415
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29754903
http://sciencepress.mnhn.fr/si....tes/default/files/ar
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27620830
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.co....m/doi/full/10.1111/j
https://www.nature.com/articles/nature09067
https://www.sciencedirect.com/....science/article/pii/
https://journals.plos.org/plos....one/article?id=10.13
http://science.sciencemag.org/content/327/5968/993
https://journals.plos.org/plos....one/article?id=10.13
https://www.nature.com/articles/ngeo2813
https://www.researchgate.net/p....ublication/233681377
http://ufdc.ufl.edu/UFE0042397/00001

Over the first season of PBS Eons, we’ve explored the history of Earth from the very origins of life right up to the Cenozoic Era that we’re in now. To celebrate our first anniversary together, we’d like to answer some of your most frequently asked questions.

Produced in collaboration with PBS Digital Studios: http://youtube.com/pbsdigitalstudios

Super special thanks to the following Patreon patrons for helping make Eons possible:
Aldo Espinosa Zúñiga, Betsy Radley, Svetlana Pylaeva, Colin Sylvester, Philip Slingerland, John Vanek, Jose Garcia, Noah offitzer, Eric Vonk, Tony Wamsley, Henrik Peteri, Jonathan Wright, Wilco Verweij, Jon Monteiro, James Bording, Brad Nicholls, Miles Chaston, Michael McClellan, Elysha Nygård, Jeff Graham, Maria Humphrey, Nathan Paskett, Connor Jensen, Ehit Dinesh Agarwal, Sapjes, Dave, Daisuke Goto, Zachary Winkler, Hubert Rady, Yuntao Zhou, Gregory Kintz, Tyson Cleary, Chandler Bass, Maly Lor, Joao Ascensao, Tsee Lee, Sarah Fritts, phil parker, Ruben Winter, Ron Harvey Jr, Joshua Mitchell, Johnny Li, Katie Fichtner, Budjarn Lambeth, Jacob Gerke, Katie M Vasilescu, Brandon Burke, Alex Yan, Jordon Sokoll

If you'd like to support the channel, head over to http://patreon.com/eons and pledge for some cool rewards!

Want to follow Eons elsewhere on the internet?
Facebook - https://www.facebook.com/eonsshow
Twitter - https://twitter.com/eonsshow
Instagram - https://www.instagram.com/eonsshow/

References:
https://www.nature.com/articles/nature24679
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/265553416_Semiaquatic_adaptations_in_a_giant_predatory_dinosaur?enrichId=rgreq-d298c20fbadcb0c1e9961c1c4f7d401f-XXX&enrichSource=Y292ZXJQYWdlOzI2NTU1MzQxNjtBUzoxNTgyODkzNTQ1Njc2ODBAMTQxNDc1MDUzMTMyNw%3D%3D&el=1_x_3&_esc=publicationCoverPdf
https://www.theatlantic.com/sc....ience/archive/2016/0
http://quaternary.stratigraphy.....org/workinggroups/a
http://www.igbp.net/download/1....8.316f18321323470177
https://www.sciencedirect.com/....science/article/pii/
http://www.pnas.org/content/pn....as/113/15/3908.full.

Check out our other journeys through geologic time here :
https://www.youtube.com/playli....st?list=PLi6K9w_UbfF

Viewers like you help make PBS (Thank you

Viewers like you help make PBS (Thank you

You can check out Google's Science Journal app at https://makingscience.withgoog....le.com/science-journ

We traveled to Bozeman, Montana to meet with Dr. Ellen-Thérèse Lamm who explores ancient life by studying it at the cellular level. Kallie and Dr. Lamm discuss how she does this, and what she’s learned by putting dinosaur bones under a microscope.

Check out the Museum of the Rockies - Paleohistology Lab website: https://www.morhistologylab.org/

Produced in collaboration with PBS Digital Studios: http://youtube.com/pbsdigitalstudios

Want to follow Eons elsewhere on the internet?
Facebook - https://www.facebook.com/eonsshow
Twitter - https://twitter.com/eonsshow
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You can check out Google's Science Journal app at https://makingscience.withgoog....le.com/science-journ

We're back in Bozeman, Montana this week talking to Amy Atwater, Collections Manager at the Museum of the Rockies. MOR has among the largest collections of North American dinosaurs in the United States. We talk to Amy about her job and the collection she manages.

Thanks as always to Nobumichi Tamura for allowing us to use his wonderful paleoart : http://spinops.blogspot.com/

Produced in collaboration with PBS Digital Studios: http://youtube.com/pbsdigitalstudios

Want to follow Eons elsewhere on the internet?
Facebook - https://www.facebook.com/eonsshow
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Try CuriosityStream today: http://curiositystream.com/eons

Fossilized footprints have proved that human ancestors were already striding across the landscape 3.6 million years ago. But who started them on that path? What species pioneered this style of locomotion? Who was the first to walk?

Check out our new sticker! https://store.dftba.com/collec....tions/all/products/e

Produced in collaboration with PBS Digital Studios: http://youtube.com/pbsdigitalstudios

Super special thanks to the following Patreon patrons for helping make Eons possible:
Katie Fichtner, Aldo Espinosa Zúñiga, Anthony Callaghan, Marcus Lejon, Anel Salas, Robert Arévalo, Robert Hill, Kelby Reid, Todd Dittman, Betsy Radley, Svetlana Pylaeva, Colin Sylvester, Philip Slingerland, John Vanek, Jose Garcia, Noah offitzer, Eric Vonk, Tony Wamsley, Henrik Peteri, Jonathan Wright, Wilco Verweij, Jon Monteiro, James Bording, Brad Nicholls, Miles Chaston, Michael McClellan, Elysha Nygård, Jeff Graham, Maria Humphrey, Nathan Paskett, Connor Jensen, Sapjes, Daisuke Goto, Hubert Rady, Yuntao Zhou, Gregory Kintz, Tyson Cleary, Chandler Bass, Maly Lor, Joao Ascensao, Tsee Lee, Sarah Fritts, Ruben Winter, Ron Harvey Jr, Joshua Mitchell, Johnny Li, Jacob Gerke, Brandon Burke, Alex Yan

If you'd like to support the channel, head over to http://patreon.com/eons and pledge for some cool rewards!

Want to follow Eons elsewhere on the internet?
Facebook - https://www.facebook.com/eonsshow
Twitter - https://twitter.com/eonsshow
Instagram - https://www.instagram.com/eonsshow/

References:
http://humanorigins.si.edu/evi....dence/human-fossils/
http://humanorigins.si.edu/evi....dence/behavior/footp
https://www.smithsonianmag.com..../science-nature/beco
https://www.nature.com/news/20....07/070716/full/news0
Dericquebourg, P., Person, A., Ségalen, L., Pickford, M., Senut, B., & Fagel, N. (2015). Environmental significance of Upper Miocene phosphorites at hominid sites in the Lukeino Formation (Tugen Hills, Kenya). Sedimentary Geology, 327, 43-54.
Thorpe, S. K., McClymont, J. M., & Crompton, R. H. (2014). The arboreal origins of human bipedalism. Antiquity, 88(341), 906-914.
Harcourt-Smith, W. H. (2010). The first hominins and the origins of bipedalism. Evolution: Education and Outreach, 3(3), 333-340.
Brunet, M., Guy, F., Pilbeam, D., Lieberman, D. E., Likius, A., Mackaye, H. T., ... & Vignaud, P. (2005). New material of the earliest hominid from the Upper Miocene of Chad. Nature, 434(7034), 752.
Richmond, B. G., & Jungers, W. L. (2008). Orrorin tugenensis femoral morphology and the evolution of hominin bipedalism. Science, 319(5870), 1662-1665.
Begun, D. R. (2004). The earliest hominins--is less more?. Science, 303(5663), 1478-1480.
Lovejoy, C. O., Latimer, B., Suwa, G., Asfaw, B., & White, T. D. (2009). Combining prehension and propulsion: the foot of Ardipithecus ramidus. Science, 326(5949), 72-72e8.
Lovejoy, C. O., Suwa, G., Spurlock, L., Asfaw, B., & White, T. D. (2009). The pelvis and femur of Ardipithecus ramidus: the emergence of upright walking. Science, 326(5949), 71-71e6.
White, T. D., Suwa, G., & Asfaw, B. (1994). Australopithecus ramidus, a new species of early hominid from Aramis, Ethiopia. Nature, 371(6495), 306.
Leakey, M. G., Feibel, C. S., McDougall, I., & Walker, A. (1995). New four-million-year-old hominid species from Kanapoi and Allia Bay, Kenya. Nature, 376(6541), 565.
White, T. D., WoldeGabriel, G., Asfaw, B., Ambrose, S., Beyene, Y., Bernor, R. L., ... & Hart, W. K. (2006). Asa Issie, Aramis and the origin of Australopithecus. Nature, 440(7086), 883.
Masao, F. T., Ichumbaki, E. B., Cherin, M., Barili, A., Boschian, G., Iurino, D. A., ... & Manzi, G. (2016). New footprints from Laetoli (Tanzania) provide evidence for marked body size variation in early hominins. elife, 5, e19568.
Almécija, S., Tallman, M., Alba, D. M., Pina, M., Moyà-Solà, S., & Jungers, W. L. (2013). The femur of Orrorin tugenensis exhibits morphometric affinities with both Miocene apes and later hominins. Nature Communications, 4, 2888.

Produced in collaboration with PBS Digital Studios: http://youtube.com/pbsdigitalstudios

Want to follow Eons elsewhere on the internet?
Facebook - https://www.facebook.com/eonsshow
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References:
IMAGE: Horseshoe crab
https://pixnio.com/fauna-anima....ls/crabs-and-lobster
IMAGE: Trilobite https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Megalaspides_01.jpg?fastcci_from=204367&c1=204367&c2=3618826&d1=15&d2=0&s=200
IMAGE: Arthropod family Tree
https://evolution.berkeley.edu..../evolibrary/article/
And although horseshoe crabs made it to modern times and trilobites didn’t, they both have ancient beginnings. The oldest known trilobite is ~540 million years old, but the horseshoe crabs weren’t far behind with the earliest example showing up ~445 million years ago. So technically just looking at a horseshoe crab you’re looking back millions of years into the past.
SOURCE: http://www.igme.es/museo/trilo....08/archivos/TRILOBIT (oldest trilobites)
SOURCE: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com..../doi/10.1111/j.1475- (oldest horseshoe crabs)

IMAGE: bird skull https://etc.usf.edu/clipart/73....400/73460/73460_skul
IMAGE: reptile skull (Px = premaxilla) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/....Jugal_bone#/media/Fi

IMAGE: Limusaurus https://commons.wikimedia.org/....wiki/File:Limusaurus
Source: http://b3.ifrm.com/30233/130/0..../p3001488/PIIS096098

IMAGE: Archaeornithura https://commons.wikimedia.org/....wiki/File:Archaeorni
MAGE: Archaeopteryx https://commons.wikimedia.org/....wiki/File:Archaeopte

SOURCE: Paleo Art
https://naturalhistory.si.edu/....exhibits/backyard-di
SOURCE: Digital reconstruction https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/p....mc/articles/PMC50989

IMAGE: fossilization https://www.nature.com/scienti....ficamerican/journal/
SOURCE: fossilization
http://www.geo.arizona.edu/geo3xx/geo308/FoldersOnServer/2003/1fossil&taph&ichno.htm
SOURCE: Anthropocene
http://environment.harvard.edu..../news/faculty-news/h

In this video I show the process of working on an oil painting - 17 x 15 inches

LONG-FORM PAINTING VIDEOS, TUTORIALS and other helpful materials ▶ https://www.patreon.com/dariacallie/overview


CONNECT WITH ME:
Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/dariacallie
Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/DariaCallieArt
Website: https://www.dariacallie.com

Commissions: closed.


Materials used:
• Oil paints "Nevskaya palitra"
• Frosted acrylic panel
• Paint thinner (odorless mineral spirits)
• Medium (stand linseed oil)
• Brushes
• Glass palette
• Palette knife
• Paper towels (or tissues that I use to wipe the brushes)

More information about supplies I use: https://www.patreon.com/posts/....where-to-start-21960



Music: "Luminescence" by Holar
https://soundcloud.com/holarmusic/

Oil on paper, 21 x 29.7 cm (8.3 x 11.7 inches)

REAL-TIME PAINTING VIDEOS, TUTORIALS and other helpful materials ▶ https://www.patreon.com/dariacallie

▷ For prints and original paintings please visit https://dariacallie.com/store/


CONNECT WITH ME:
Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/dariacallie/
Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/DariaCallieArt/
Website: https://www.dariacallie.com/


Materials used:
• Oil paints - "Nevskaya palitra"
Colors: Burnt Umber, Cadmium Yellow Pale, Ultramarine Blue, Cadmium Red and Titanium White.
In addition I have a couple of colors that I use sometimes: Ivory Black, Celestial Blue and Cobalt Violet Deep.
• Primed 280gsm paper
• Paint thinner (odorless mineral spirits)
• Medium (stand linseed oil)
• Brushes - Detail brushes & Filbert synthetic brushes of different sizes
• Glass palette (homemade)
• Palette knife (from a local art-store)
• Paper towels (or tissues that I use to wipe the brushes)

I used primed 280gsm paper with linen texture for this piece, which is really on par with any other painting surface such as canvas, linen, wood, etc.


Music: “Fleeting Light (Instrumental)” by Amarante
https://soundcloud.com/amarantemusic
https://www.youtube.com/AmaranteMusic

In this video I’m painting a portrait with oils.
The painting is titled “Chelsea” - 30 x 30 cm (12 x 12 inches)

REAL-TIME PAINTING VIDEOS, TUTORIALS and other helpful materials ▶ https://www.patreon.com/dariacallie

▷ For prints and original paintings please visit https://dariacallie.com/store/

CONNECT WITH ME:
Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/dariacallie/
Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/DariaCallieArt/
Website: http://www.dariacallie.com/


Materials used:

• Oil paints - Gamblin Oil Colors and Nevskaya palitra (russian brand)
Colors: Burnt umber, Cadmium Yellow, Ultramarine Blue, Cadmium Red and Titanium White. (I have a color-mixing video where I explain how I premix my palette) In addition I have a couple of colors that I use sometimes: Ivory Black, Celestial Blue and Cobalt Violet Deep.
• Primed linen canvas (from a local art-store)
• Paint thinner (odorless mineral spirits)
• Medium (stand linseed oil)
• Brushes - Detail brushes & Filbert synthetic brushes of different sizes
• Glass palette (homemade)
• Palette knife (from a local art-store)
• Varnish
• Paper towels (or tissues that I use to wipe the brushes)


Music: Sia - Breathe Me (Instrumental Remix) by Skam | Emperors Haki
Music License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/

In this video I share some highlights from my Patreon painting tutorials.

REAL-TIME PAINTING VIDEOS, TUTORIALS and other helpful materials ▶ https://www.patreon.com/dariacallie/overview


Commissions: closed.

CONNECT WITH ME:
Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/dariacallie/
Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/DariaCallieArt/
Website: https://www.dariacallie.com/


Materials used:
• Oil paints - "Nevskaya palitra"
Colors: Burnt Umber, Cadmium Yellow Pale, Ultramarine Blue, Cadmium Red and Titanium White.
• Primed 280gsm paper or frosted acrylic panels
• Paint thinner (odorless mineral spirits)
• Medium (stand linseed oil)
• Brushes - round detail brushes in sizes 1, 0 and 00; and synthetic filbert brushes in different sizes.
• Glass palette
• Palette knife
• Paper towels (or tissues that I use to wipe the brushes)


Music: Mindthings https://soundcloud.com/mindthings
Liam J Hennessy https://soundcloud.com/liamjhennessy

Oil on paper, 8 x 10 inches

REAL-TIME PAINTING VIDEOS, TUTORIALS and other helpful materials ▶ https://www.patreon.com/dariacallie

▷ For prints and original paintings please visit https://dariacallie.com/store/


CONNECT WITH ME:
Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/dariacallie/
Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/DariaCallieArt/
Website: https://www.dariacallie.com/


Materials used:
• Oil paints - "Nevskaya palitra"
Colors: Burnt Umber, Cadmium Yellow Pale, Ultramarine Blue, Cadmium Red and Titanium White.
In addition I have a couple of colors that I use sometimes: Ivory Black, Celestial Blue and Cobalt Violet Deep.
• Primed 280gsm paper
• Paint thinner (odorless mineral spirits)
• Medium (stand linseed oil)
• Brushes - Detail brushes & Filbert synthetic brushes of different sizes
• Glass palette (homemade)
• Palette knife (from a local art-store)
• Paper towels (or tissues that I use to wipe the brushes)


Music: Paperchaser “Perception by degrees”
Paperchaser “Better left unsaid”
https://soundcloud.com/paperchaser-music

Oil painting, 10 x 15 cm

REAL-TIME PAINTING VIDEOS, TUTORIALS and other helpful materials ▶ https://www.patreon.com/dariacallie

▷ For prints and original paintings please visit https://dariacallie.com/store/


CONNECT WITH ME:
Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/dariacallie/
Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/DariaCallieArt/
Website: https://www.dariacallie.com/


Materials used:
• Oil paints - "Nevskaya palitra"
Colors: Burnt Umber, Cadmium Yellow Pale, Ultramarine Blue, Cadmium Red and Titanium White.
In addition I have a couple of colors that I use sometimes: Ivory Black, Celestial Blue and Cobalt Violet Deep.
• Primed 280gsm paper
• Silver leaf
• Paint thinner (odorless mineral spirits)
• Medium (stand linseed oil)
• Brushes - Detail brushes & Filbert synthetic brushes of different sizes
• Glass palette (homemade)
• Palette knife (from a local art-store)
• Paper towels (or tissues that I use to wipe the brushes)


Music: Fireball by albosel; Crab God by albosel

In this painting demo I’ll show how I paint a bunny with oils.

REAL-TIME PAINTING VIDEOS, TUTORIALS and other helpful materials ▶ https://www.patreon.com/dariacallie

▷ For prints and original paintings please visit https://dariacallie.com/store/



CONNECT WITH ME:
Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/dariacallie/
Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/DariaCallieArt/
Website: https://www.dariacallie.com/


Materials used:
• Oil paints - "Nevskaya palitra"
Colors: Burnt Umber, Cadmium Yellow Pale, Ultramarine Blue, Cadmium Red and Titanium White, Ivory Black.
• Primed 280gsm paper
• Paint thinner (odorless mineral spirits)
• Medium (stand linseed oil)
• Brushes - Detail brushes & Filbert synthetic brushes of different sizes
• Glass palette (homemade)
• Palette knife (from a local art-store)
• Paper towels (or tissues that I use to wipe the brushes)


Music: “We left the place (post-rock)” by Mindthings
https://soundcloud.com/mindthi....ngs/we-left-the-plac

In this video I’m showing the process of working on an oil painting titled "Soft morning color" - 50 x 60 cm (19.7 x 23.6 inches)

REAL-TIME PAINTING VIDEOS, TUTORIALS and other helpful materials ▶ https://www.patreon.com/dariacallie

▷ For prints and original paintings please visit https://dariacallie.com/store/


CONNECT WITH ME:
Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/dariacallie/
Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/DariaCallieArt/
Website: https://www.dariacallie.com/

Materials used:

• Oil paints - Nevskaya palitra (russian brand)
Colors: Burnt umber, Cadmium Yellow, Ultramarine Blue, Cadmium Red and Titanium White.
In addition I have a couple of colors that I use sometimes: Ivory Black, Celestial Blue and Cobalt Violet Deep.
• Primed linen canvas (from a local art-store)
• Paint thinner (odorless mineral spirits)
• Medium (stand linseed oil)
• Brushes - Detail brushes & Filbert synthetic brushes of different sizes
• Glass palette (homemade)
• Palette knife (from a local art-store)
• Paper towels (or tissues that I use to wipe the brushes)

Music: Paperchaser “Better left unsaid”
https://soundcloud.com/paperchaser-music