See my new drawing book on Amazon: http://amzn.to/1K7L8Ed

Visit my FB Gallery: https://www.facebook.com/LeonardoPereznieto

My Blog: http://www.fineartebooks.com/h....owtodraw_drawingscho

Visit http://www.fineartebooks.com/s....culptureebooks/home. to watch more how to videos.

Watch free drawing tutorials at: http://www.fineartebooks.com/

Visit my website: http://www.artistleonardo.com/

With this tutorial you will learn how to draw a mouth with pencil, but we are going to focus mainly on the lips. From a speed drawing you are going to watch which is the best way to draw a par of sexy and soft lips.


Do you want to help me translating the subtitles into your language?

(Note: First check if it hasn´t been translated already by pressing the "CC" button on the lower part of the video). All you have to do is follow the instructions at the following link. Thank you:

http://www.youtube.com/timedte....xt_video?v=OBBLXypP9

Please send it to me as a Youtube personal message using this link: http://www.youtube.com/inbox?to_user_ext_ids=aapxaQKJFJ6XC56CHgeTzw&action_compose=1

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Visit me on FB: https://www.facebook.com/LeonardoPereznieto
Visit my website: http://www.artistleonardo.com/
Visit: http://www.fineartebooks.com/ for free drawing tutorials.

If you would like to invest in a drawing, painting or sculpture by Leonardo Pereznieto, or to hire him for workshops or lectures, please write to: info@leopereznieto.com (Business only, not for personal messages.)

List of materials:

White charcoal Bianco - Primo
Kneaded eraser - Prismacolor
Strathmore drawing paper, black

If you would like to see photos and brands of my tools, please go to my blog about materials with the following link:

http://www.fineartebooks.com/howtodraw_drawingschool/My_Blog/Entries/2012/8/1_My_materials.html

You may also follow me on:

My Blog: http://www.fineartebooks.com/howtodraw_drawingschool/My_Blog/My_Blog.html

Twitter: https://twitter.com/#!/ArtistLeonardo

LinkedIn: http://www.linkedin.com/profile/view?id=89957576&trk=tab_pro

Google+: https://plus.google.com/u/0/10....0373866809472929876/

VK: http://vk.com/leonardopereznieto

Leonardo Pereznieto: http://www.leonardopereznieto.com/leo/Intro.html

Audio file(s) provided by http://www.audiomicro.com

This tutorial shows how to draw a cat with white charcoal on black paper. It is a time lapse video.

Visit me on FB: https://www.facebook.com/LeonardoPereznieto

Visit: http://www.fineartebooks.com/ for free drawing tutorials.

If you would like to invest in a drawing, painting or sculpture by Leonardo Pereznieto, or to hire him for workshops or lectures, please write to: info@leopereznieto.com (Business only, not for personal messages.)

List of materials:

Black lead holder: H lead
Red lead holder: 3B lead
MagicRub eraser, FaberCastell
Canson light grey drawing paper
Stump
White pastel pencil FaberCastell

If you would like to see photos and brands of my tools, please go to my blog about materials with the following link:

http://www.fineartebooks.com/howtodraw_drawingschool/My_Blog/Entries/2012/8/1_My_materials.html

You may also follow me on:

My Blog: http://www.fineartebooks.com/howtodraw_drawingschool/My_Blog/My_Blog.html

Twitter: https://twitter.com/#!/ArtistLeonardo

LinkedIn: http://www.linkedin.com/profile/view?id=89957576&trk=tab_pro

Google+: https://plus.google.com/u/0/10....0373866809472929876/

VK: http://vk.com/leonardopereznieto

Leonardo Pereznieto: http://www.leonardopereznieto.com/leo/Intro.html

Audio file(s) provided by http://www.audiomicro.com

This tutorial shows How to Draw a Sailing Boat - How to Draw a Sea - How to Draw Clouds

This video shows how to draw the head in any angle, based on the Andrew Loomis method.
Get my drawing book: http://amzn.to/1K7L8Ed
Follow my Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/artistleonardo/
Follow Fine Art-Tips' Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/fine.art.tips/
Visit me on FB: https://www.facebook.com/LeonardoPereznieto
My website: http://www.ArtistLeonardo.com/

Do you want to help me translating it into your language?
(Note: First check if it hasn´t been translated already by pressing the "CC" button on the lower part of the video).
To translate the title of the video and the subtitles, all you need to do is to please go to the following link and translate (you don't necessarily need to do the whole thing, you can do a section and other people in the community can finish it). Thank you!:
http://www.youtube.com/timedtext_video?v=txotyFfwvqk&ref=share

If you would like to invest in a drawing, painting or sculpture by Leonardo Pereznieto, or to hire him for workshops or lectures, please write to: info@leopereznieto.com (Business only, not for personal messages.)

List of materials:

- Book: Drawing the Head and Hands, by Andrew Loomis - https://amzn.to/2PXqYdC

(This is a companion great book for figure drawing, which I didn't use for this tutorial, but I do recommend it: Figure Drawing for all its Worth, by Andrew Loomis - https://amzn.to/2qIcXlO )

- Mechanical pencil: Tutto3, with 0.3mm 2H lead, 0.5 HB and 0.7 mm 2B lead - http://oartinternational.com/tutto3/

- Kneaded eraser Prismacolor - See it here: http://amzn.to/2cvi6G7

- Copy paper, white 8 1/2 x 11 - https://amzn.to/2RTFNLP

- iPad Pro 12.9 inches (with Procreate software for drawing) - https://amzn.to/2z818Kx

- Apple Pencil - https://amzn.to/2T37V0a


- See my materials at my new "Amazon Influencer" page:
https://www.amazon.com/shop/fineart-tips

Recording Equipment:

Video camera: Panasonic HC-V380K - http://amzn.to/2xJwVmb

“L” shaped camera tripod - http://amzn.to/2xKUcnX

Mic: Blue Jeti - http://amzn.to/2gnwxCp
Pop filter (Mic screen) - http://amzn.to/2ysgn0T
Mic Foam Windacreen - http://amzn.to/2zeiYc8

- Lighting: Studio soft boxes: http://amzn.to/2xKSxhW

Laptop: Apple MacBookPro 13”. Mine is an older version of this beauty: http://amzn.to/2xKzHHL (note, the software I use for editing is Final Cut.)

Some of the above links are affiliate links.

If you would like to see photos and brands of my tools, please go to my blog about materials with the following link:

http://fineart-tips.blogspot.m....x/2015/07/my-drawing


Download Fine Art-Tips mobile app:

On the Apple Store:

For iPhone/iPad free: https://itunes.apple.com/us/ap....p/fine-art-tips-draw

For iPhone/iPad, Premium: https://itunes.apple.com/us/ap....p/fine-art-tips-prem

On Google Play:

For Android free: https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=allmax.fine.art.tips.free2&hl=en

For Android, Premium: https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=allmax.fine.art.tips2&hl=en

You may also follow me on:

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My LinkedIn: http://www.linkedin.com/profile/view?id=89957576&trk=tab_pro

My Pinterest: http://pinterest.com/ArtistLeonardo/

My VK: http://vk.com/leonardopereznieto

My website: http://www.artistleonardo.com/

I wish you great creations!

Audio file(s) provided by http://www.audiomicro.com

This tutorial shows How to Draw the Head from Any Angle - Loomis Method

In this video I share some highlights from my Patreon painting tutorials.

REAL-TIME PAINTING VIDEOS, TUTORIALS and other helpful materials ▶ https://www.patreon.com/dariacallie/overview


Commissions: closed.

CONNECT WITH ME:
Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/dariacallie/
Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/DariaCallieArt/
Website: https://www.dariacallie.com/


Materials used:
• Oil paints - "Nevskaya palitra"
Colors: Burnt Umber, Cadmium Yellow Pale, Ultramarine Blue, Cadmium Red and Titanium White.
• Primed 280gsm paper or frosted acrylic panels
• Paint thinner (odorless mineral spirits)
• Medium (stand linseed oil)
• Brushes - round detail brushes in sizes 1, 0 and 00; and synthetic filbert brushes in different sizes.
• Glass palette
• Palette knife
• Paper towels (or tissues that I use to wipe the brushes)


Music: Mindthings https://soundcloud.com/mindthings
Liam J Hennessy https://soundcloud.com/liamjhennessy

In this video I talk about common stereotypes and misconceptions about oil painting.

REAL-TIME PAINTING VIDEOS, TUTORIALS and other helpful materials ▶ https://www.patreon.com/dariacallie/overview



CONNECT WITH ME:
Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/dariacallie
Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/DariaCallieArt
Website: https://www.dariacallie.com

Supplies I use: https://www.patreon.com/posts/....where-to-start-21960


Commissions: closed.

Music: "I just wanted to see your smile" by Broken Elegance.
https://soundcloud.com/brokene....legance/i-just-wante

In this video I’m painting a portrait with oils.
The painting is titled “Chelsea” - 30 x 30 cm (12 x 12 inches)

REAL-TIME PAINTING VIDEOS, TUTORIALS and other helpful materials ▶ https://www.patreon.com/dariacallie

▷ For prints and original paintings please visit https://dariacallie.com/store/

CONNECT WITH ME:
Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/dariacallie/
Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/DariaCallieArt/
Website: http://www.dariacallie.com/


Materials used:

• Oil paints - Gamblin Oil Colors and Nevskaya palitra (russian brand)
Colors: Burnt umber, Cadmium Yellow, Ultramarine Blue, Cadmium Red and Titanium White. (I have a color-mixing video where I explain how I premix my palette) In addition I have a couple of colors that I use sometimes: Ivory Black, Celestial Blue and Cobalt Violet Deep.
• Primed linen canvas (from a local art-store)
• Paint thinner (odorless mineral spirits)
• Medium (stand linseed oil)
• Brushes - Detail brushes & Filbert synthetic brushes of different sizes
• Glass palette (homemade)
• Palette knife (from a local art-store)
• Varnish
• Paper towels (or tissues that I use to wipe the brushes)


Music: Sia - Breathe Me (Instrumental Remix) by Skam | Emperors Haki
Music License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/

In this video I’m showing the process of working on an oil painting titled “Glow” - 50 x 60 cm (19.7 x 23.6 inches)

REAL-TIME PAINTING VIDEOS, TUTORIALS and other helpful materials ▶ https://www.patreon.com/dariacallie

▷ For prints and original paintings please visit https://dariacallie.com/store/

CONNECT WITH ME:
Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/dariacallie/
Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/DariaCallieArt/
Website: http://www.dariacallie.com/


Materials used:

• Oil paints - Gamblin Oil Colors and Nevskaya palitra (russian brand)
Colors: Burnt umber, Cadmium Yellow, Ultramarine Blue, Red and Titanium White. (I have a color-mixing video where I explain how I premix my palette) In addition I have a couple of colors that I use very rarely: Ivory Black, Celestial Blue and Cobalt Violet Deep.
• Primed linen canvas (from a local art-store)
• Paint thinner (odorless mineral spirits)
• Medium (stand linseed oil)
• Brushes - Detail brushes & Filbert synthetic brushes of different sizes
• Glass palette (homemade)
• Palette knife (from a local art-store)
• Varnish
• Paper towels (or tissues that I use to wipe the brushes)


Music: Acoustic/Folk Instrumental by Hyde
Music License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/

In this video I’m showing the process of working on an oil painting titled “By The Beach”

REAL-TIME PAINTING VIDEOS, TUTORIALS and other helpful materials ▶ https://www.patreon.com/dariacallie

▷ For prints and original paintings please visit https://dariacallie.com/store/



CONNECT WITH ME:
Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/dariacallie/
Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/DariaCallieArt/
Website: https://www.dariacallie.com/


Materials used:
• Oil paints - "Nevskaya palitra"
Colors: Burnt Umber, Cadmium Yellow Pale, Ultramarine Blue, Cadmium Red and Titanium White.
• Primed 280gsm paper (10 x 11 inches)
• Paint thinner (odorless mineral spirits)
• Medium (stand linseed oil)
• Brushes - Detail brushes & Filbert synthetic brushes of different sizes
• Glass palette (homemade)
• Palette knife (from a local art-store)
• Paper towels (or tissues that I use to wipe the brushes)


Music: "The Other Side Of Things" by Paperchaser
https://soundcloud.com/paperch....aser-music/the-other

Viewers like you help make PBS (Thank you

Our Pocket Shirt!: https://store.dftba.com/collec....tions/eons/products/

In the Eocene Epoch, there was a reptile that had teeth equipped for biting through flesh, its hind legs were a lot longer than its front legs and instead of claws, its toes were each capped with hooves. How did this living nightmare come to evolve?

Thank you to these paleoartists for allowing us to use their wonderful illustrations:
Ceri Thomas: http://alphynix.tumblr.com/
Fabrizio De Rossi: https://252mya.com/collections..../shop/fabrizio-de-ro
Nobu Tamura: https://spinops.blogspot.com/
Esther van Hulsen: https://www.esthervanhulsen.com/
Stanton Fink: https://www.deviantart.com/avancna

Produced in collaboration with PBS Digital Studios: http://youtube.com/pbsdigitalstudios

Super special thanks to the following Patreon patrons for helping make Eons possible:
Katie Fichtner, Anthony Callaghan, Robert Amling, Po Foon Kwong, Larry Wilson, Merri Snaidman, Renzo Caimi Ordenes, John Vanek, Neil H. Gray, Marilyn Wolmart, Esmeralda Rupp-Spangle, Gregory Donovan, Ehit Dinesh Agarwal, الخليفي سلطان, Gabriel Cortez, Marcus Lejon, Robert Arévalo, Robert Hill, Kelby Reid, Todd Dittman, Betsy Radley, PS, Philip Slingerland, Jose Garcia, Eric Vonk, Tony Wamsley, Henrik Peteri, Jonathan Wright, Jon Monteiro, James Bording, Brad Nicholls, Miles Chaston, Michael McClellan, Jeff Graham, Maria Humphrey, Nathan Paskett, Connor Jensen, Daisuke Goto, Hubert Rady, Gregory Kintz, Tyson Cleary, Chandler Bass, Maly Lor, Joao Ascensao, Tsee Lee, Sarah Fritts, Ron Harvey Jr, Jacob Gerke, Alex Yan

If you'd like to support the channel, head over to http://patreon.com/eons and pledge for some cool rewards!

Want to follow Eons elsewhere on the internet?
Facebook - https://www.facebook.com/eonsshow
Twitter - https://twitter.com/eonsshow
Instagram - https://www.instagram.com/eonsshow/

References: https://docs.google.com/docume....nt/d/10sSrksRBIWihmo

Viewers like you help make PBS (Thank you

Over 600 million years ago, sheets of ice coated our planet on both land and sea. How did this happen? And most importantly for us, why did the planet eventually thaw again? The evidence for Snowball Earth is written on every continent today.

Thanks to Julio Lacerda and Franz Anthony from Studio 252mya for their wonderful illustrations. You can find more of their work here: https://252mya.com/

Special thanks to Judy Pu for answering our questions about Snowball Earth.

Produced in collaboration with PBS Digital Studios: http://youtube.com/pbsdigitalstudios

Super special thanks to the following Patreon patrons for helping make Eons possible:
Katie Fichtner, Anthony Callaghan, MissyElliottSmith, The Scintillating Spencer, AA, Zachary Spencer, Stefan Weber, Ilya Murashov, Charles Kahle, Robert Amling, Po Foon Kwong, Larry Wilson, Merri Snaidman, John Vanek, Neil H. Gray, Esmeralda Rupp-Spangle, Gregory Donovan, الخليفي سلطان, Gabriel Cortez, Marcus Lejon, Robert Arévalo, Robert Hill, Todd Dittman, Betsy Radley, PS, Philip Slingerland, Jose Garcia, Eric Vonk, Tony Wamsley, Henrik Peteri, Jonathan Wright, Jon Monteiro, James Bording, Brad Nicholls, Miles Chaston, Michael McClellan, Jeff Graham, Maria Humphrey, Nathan Paskett, Connor Jensen, Daisuke Goto, Hubert Rady, Gregory Kintz, Tyson Cleary, Chandler Bass, Joao Ascensao, Tsee Lee, Sarah Fritts, Alex Yan

If you'd like to support the channel, head over to http://patreon.com/eons and pledge for some cool rewards!

Want to follow Eons elsewhere on the internet?
Facebook - https://www.facebook.com/eonsshow
Twitter - https://twitter.com/eonsshow
Instagram - https://www.instagram.com/eonsshow/

References: https://docs.google.com/docume....nt/d/1dRTf9IcH_1vA5S

Check out Monstrum! https://www.youtube.com/monstrumpbs
From our deepest origins in Africa all the way to the Americas, by looking at the fossils and archaeological materials we have been able to trace the path our ancestors took during thee short window of time when we took over the world.

Thanks to Julio Lacerda and Studio 252mya for the human migration illustration. You can find more of Julio's work here: https://252mya.com/gallery/julio-lacerda

Produced in collaboration with PBS Digital Studios: http://youtube.com/pbsdigitalstudios

Super special thanks to the following Patreon patrons for helping make Eons possible:

Katie Fichtner, Anthony Callaghan, Stefan Weber, Ilya Murashov, Charles Kahle, Robert Amling, Po Foon Kwong, Larry Wilson, Merri Snaidman, Renzo Caimi Ordenes, John Vanek, Neil H. Gray, Esmeralda Rupp-Spangle, Gregory Donovan, الخليفي سلطان, Gabriel Cortez, Marcus Lejon, Robert Arévalo, Robert Hill, Todd Dittman, Betsy Radley, PS, Philip Slingerland, Jose Garcia, Eric Vonk, Tony Wamsley, Henrik Peteri, Jonathan Wright, Jon Monteiro, James Bording, Brad Nicholls, Miles Chaston, Michael McClellan, Jeff Graham, Maria Humphrey, Nathan Paskett, Connor Jensen, Daisuke Goto, Hubert Rady, Gregory Kintz, Tyson Cleary, Chandler Bass, Maly Lor, Joao Ascensao, Tsee Lee, Sarah Fritts, Jacob Gerke, Alex Yan

If you'd like to support the channel, head over to http://patreon.com/eons and pledge for some cool rewards!

Want to follow Eons elsewhere on the internet?
Facebook - https://www.facebook.com/eonsshow
Twitter - https://twitter.com/eonsshow
Instagram - https://www.instagram.com/eonsshow/

References: https://docs.google.com/docume....nt/d/1GizNGXmo0E8fTu

Try CuriosityStream today: http://curiositystream.com/eons

Check out SciShow's video on Lake Agassiz: https://youtu.be/qMVhR26NRsk

Strange geologic landmarks in the Pacific Northwest are the lingering remains of a mystery that took nearly half a century to solve. These features turned out to be a result one of the most powerful and bizarre episodes in geologic history: this region experienced dozens of major, devastating floods over the course of more than 7,000 years.

Thanks to Franz Anthony and Studio 252mya for the flood and lake illustrations. You can find more of Franz's work here: https://252mya.com/gallery/franz-anthony

Produced in collaboration with PBS Digital Studios: http://youtube.com/pbsdigitalstudios

Super special thanks to the following Patreon patrons for helping make Eons possible:

Katie Fichtner, Anthony Callaghan, Larry Wilson, Merri Snaidman, Renzo Caimi Ordenes, John Vanek, Neil H. Gray, Marilyn Wolmart, Esmeralda Rupp-Spangle, Gregory Donovan, Ehit Dinesh Agarwal, سلطان الخليفي, Gabriel Cortez, Marcus Lejon, Robert Arévalo, Robert Hill, Kelby Reid, Todd Dittman, Betsy Radley, PS, Colin Sylvester, Philip Slingerland, Jose Garcia, Eric Vonk, Tony Wamsley, Henrik Peteri, Jonathan Wright, Jon Monteiro, James Bording, Brad Nicholls, Miles Chaston, Michael McClellan, Jeff Graham, Maria Humphrey, Nathan Paskett, Connor Jensen, Daisuke Goto, Hubert Rady, Yuntao Zhou, Gregory Kintz, Tyson Cleary, Chandler Bass, Maly Lor, Joao Ascensao, Tsee Lee, Sarah Fritts, Ron Harvey Jr, Jacob Gerke, Alex Yan

If you'd like to support the channel, head over to http://patreon.com/eons and pledge for some cool rewards!

Want to follow Eons elsewhere on the internet?
Facebook - https://www.facebook.com/eonsshow
Twitter - https://twitter.com/eonsshow
Instagram - https://www.instagram.com/eonsshow/

References: https://bit.ly/2XqRiOd

Try Audible for 30 days visit https://www.audible.com/eons or text eons to 500500!

Sea scorpions thrived for 200 million years, coming in a wide variety of shapes and sizes. Over time, they developed a number of adaptations--from crushing claws to flattened tails for swimming. And some of them adapted by getting so big that they still hold the record as the largest arthropods of all time.

Thank you to these paleoartists for allowing us to use their wonderful illustrations:
Franz Anthony: https://252mya.com/gallery/franz-anthony
Ceri Thomas: http://alphynix.tumblr.com/
Lucas Lima: https://252mya.com/gallery/lucas-lima
Julio Lacerda: https://252mya.com/gallery/julio-lacerda
Nobu Tamura: https://spinops.blogspot.com/


Produced in collaboration with PBS Digital Studios: http://youtube.com/pbsdigitalstudios

Super special thanks to the following Patreon patrons for helping make Eons possible:

Katie Fichtner, Anthony Callaghan, Robert Amling, Po Foon Kwong, Larry Wilson, Merri Snaidman, Renzo Caimi Ordenes, John Vanek, Neil H. Gray, Marilyn Wolmart, Esmeralda Rupp-Spangle, Gregory Donovan, Ehit Dinesh Agarwal, الخليفي سلطان, Gabriel Cortez, Marcus Lejon, Robert Arévalo, Robert Hill, Kelby Reid, Todd Dittman, Betsy Radley, PS, Philip Slingerland, Jose Garcia, Eric Vonk, Tony Wamsley, Henrik Peteri, Jonathan Wright, Jon Monteiro, James Bording, Brad Nicholls, Miles Chaston, Michael McClellan, Jeff Graham, Maria Humphrey, Nathan Paskett, Connor Jensen, Daisuke Goto, Hubert Rady, Gregory Kintz, Tyson Cleary, Chandler Bass, Maly Lor, Joao Ascensao, Tsee Lee, Sarah Fritts, Ron Harvey Jr, Jacob Gerke, Alex Yan

If you'd like to support the channel, head over to http://patreon.com/eons and pledge for some cool rewards!

Want to follow Eons elsewhere on the internet?
Facebook - https://www.facebook.com/eonsshow
Twitter - https://twitter.com/eonsshow
Instagram - https://www.instagram.com/eonsshow/

References:
Braddy, Simon J., Richard J. Aldridge, Sarah E. Gabbott, and Johannes N. Theron. "Lamellate book-gills in a late Ordovician eurypterid from the Soom Shale, South Africa: support for a eurypterid-scorpion clade." Lethaia 32, no. 1 (1999): 72-74.
Braddy, Simon J., Markus Poschmann, and O. Erik Tetlie. "Giant claw reveals the largest ever arthropod." Biology Letters 4, no. 1 (2007): 106-109. https://royalsocietypublishing.....org/doi/full/10.109
Brezinski, David K., and Albert D. Kollar. "Reevaluation of the Age and Provenance of the Giant Palmichnium kosinskiorum Eurypterid Trackway, from Elk County, Pennsylvania." Annals of Carnegie Museum 84, no. 1 (2016): 39-45.
Briggs, Derek EG, and WD Ian Rolfe. "A giant arthropod trackway from the Lower Mississippian of Pennsylvania." Journal of Paleontology (1983): 377-390. https://www.jstor.org/stable/pdf/1304661.pdf?seq=1
Elliott, David K., and Michael A. Petriello. "New poraspids (Agnatha, Heterostraci) from the Early Devonian of the western United States." Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 31, no. 3 (2011): 518-530.
Lamsdell, James C., and Simon J. Braddy. "Cope's Rule and Romer's theory: patterns of diversity and gigantism in eurypterids and Palaeozoic vertebrates." Biology Letters (2009): doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2009.0700
Lamsdell, James C., Simon J. Braddy, and O. Erik Tetlie. "Redescription of Drepanopterus abonensis (Chelicerata: Eurypterida: Stylonurina) from the Late Devonian of Portishead, UK." Palaeontology 52, no. 5 (2009): 1113-1139.
Legg, David A. "Sanctacaris uncata: the oldest chelicerate (Arthropoda). "Naturwissenschaften 101, no. 12 (2014): 1065-1073.
Manning, P. L. and Dunlop, J. A. “The respiratory organs of eurypterids.” Palaeontology, 38, no. 2 (1995): 287–297.
McCoy, Victoria E., James C. Lamsdell, Markus Poschmann, Ross P. Anderson, and Derek EG Briggs. "All the better to see you with: eyes and claws reveal the evolution of divergent ecological roles in giant pterygotid eurypterids." Biology letters 11, no. 8 (2015): 20150564.
Poschmann, Markus, Brigitte Schoenemann, and Victoria E. McCoy. "Telltale eyes: the lateral visual systems of Rhenish Lower Devonian eurypterids (Arthropoda, Chelicerata) and their palaeobiological implications." Palaeontology 59, no. 2 (2016): 295-304.
Selden, P. A., and John David Lawson. "Eurypterid respiration." Phil. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B 309, no. 1138 (1985): https://royalsocietypublishing.....org/doi/pdf/10.1098
Tetlie, O. Erik. "Distribution and dispersal history of Eurypterida (Chelicerata)." Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 252, no. 3-4 (2007): 557-574. https://pdfs.semanticscholar.o....rg/6434/bc6cdbfd7613
Vrazo, Matthew B., and Simon J. Braddy. "Testing the ‘mass-moult-mate’hypothesis of eurypterid palaeoecology." Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 311, no. 1-2 (2011): 63-73.
Whyte, Martin A. "Palaeoecology: a gigantic fossil arthropod trackway." Nature 438, no. 7068 (2005): 576.

Viewers like you help make PBS (Thank you

Our new shirt! https://store.dftba.com/products/eons-pocket-shirt

The short-faced bears turned out to be remarkably adaptable, undergoing radical changes to meet the demands of two changing continents. And yet, for reasons we don’t quite understand, their adaptability wasn’t enough to keep them from going extinct.   

Thanks to Fabrizio De Rossi and Studio 252mya for the Arctodus and Arctotherium illustrations. You can find more of their work here: https://252mya.com/gallery/fabrizio-de-rossi

And thanks to Ceri Thomas for the Plionarctos and Arctotherium reconstructions! Check out more of Ceri's paleoart at http://alphynix.tumblr.com and http://nixillustration.com

Produced in collaboration with PBS Digital Studios: http://youtube.com/pbsdigitalstudios

Super special thanks to the following Patreon patrons for helping make Eons possible:

Katie Fichtner, Anthony Callaghan, Robert Amling, Po Foon Kwong, Larry Wilson, Merri Snaidman, Renzo Caimi Ordenes, John Vanek, Neil H. Gray, Marilyn Wolmart, Esmeralda Rupp-Spangle, Gregory Donovan, Ehit Dinesh Agarwal, الخليفي سلطان, Gabriel Cortez, Marcus Lejon, Robert Arévalo, Robert Hill, Kelby Reid, Todd Dittman, Betsy Radley, PS, Philip Slingerland, Jose Garcia, Eric Vonk, Tony Wamsley, Henrik Peteri, Jonathan Wright, Jon Monteiro, James Bording, Brad Nicholls, Miles Chaston, Michael McClellan, Jeff Graham, Maria Humphrey, Nathan Paskett, Connor Jensen, Daisuke Goto, Hubert Rady, Gregory Kintz, Tyson Cleary, Chandler Bass, Maly Lor, Joao Ascensao, Tsee Lee, Sarah Fritts, Ron Harvey Jr, Jacob Gerke, Alex Yan

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References: https://docs.google.com/docume....nt/d/1Eg5riA7VgBKCFv

Check out Origin of Everything: https://www.youtube.com/channe....l/UCiB8h9jD2Mlxx96ZF

If you’ve ever been to, or lived in, or even flown over the central swath of North America, then you’ve seen the remnants of what was a uniquely fascinating environment. Scientists call it the Western Interior Seaway, and at its greatest extent, it ran from the Caribbean Sea to the Canadian Arctic.

Thanks to Dmitry Bogdanov, Nobu Tamura, C.R. Scotese, NASA and the many others listed throughout the video for making their images available to use.

Produced in collaboration with PBS Digital Studios: http://youtube.com/pbsdigitalstudios

Super special thanks to the following Patreon patrons for helping make Eons possible:

Katie Fichtner, Anthony Callaghan, Neil H. Gray, Marilyn Wolmart, Esmeralda Rupp-Spangle, Gregory Donovan, Ehit Dinesh Agarwal, سلطان الخليفي, Gabriel Cortez, Marcus Lejon, Anel Salas, Robert Arévalo, Robert Hill, Kelby Reid, Todd Dittman, Betsy Radley, PS, Colin Sylvester, Philip Slingerland, John Vanek, Jose Garcia, Eric Vonk, Tony Wamsley, Henrik Peteri, Jonathan Wright, Jon Monteiro, James Bording, Brad Nicholls, Miles Chaston, Michael McClellan, Jeff Graham, Maria Humphrey, Nathan Paskett, Connor Jensen, Sapjes, Daisuke Goto, Hubert Rady, Yuntao Zhou, Gregory Kintz, Tyson Cleary, Chandler Bass, Maly Lor, Joao Ascensao, Tsee Lee, Sarah Fritts, Ruben Winter, Ron Harvey Jr, Jacob Gerke, Alex Yan

If you'd like to support the channel, head over to http://patreon.com/eons and pledge for some cool rewards!

Want to follow Eons elsewhere on the internet?
Facebook - https://www.facebook.com/eonsshow
Twitter - https://twitter.com/eonsshow
Instagram - https://www.instagram.com/eonsshow/

References:
Oceans of Kansas: A Natural History of the Western Interior Seaway (Second Edition) by Michael J. Everhart.
https://www.tandfonline.com/do....i/abs/10.1080/027246
https://www.researchgate.net/p....ublication/259517413
https://www.researchgate.net/p....rofile/Joshua_Slatte
https://www.researchgate.net/p....ublication/321632109
https://www.tandfonline.com/do....i/abs/10.1080/027246
https://www.jstor.org/stable/1306568
https://www.sciencedirect.com/....science/article/pii/
https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/pp1561
http://rspb.royalsocietypublis....hing.org/content/278
https://link.springer.com/arti....cle/10.1007%2FBF0299
https://pubs.geoscienceworld.o....rg/gsa/geology/artic
https://www.rushcounty.org/Pos....tRockMuseum/PostRock

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