With little competition and few predators, the Brown Trout in New Zealand has been known to grow to epic proportions. These prize fish sometimes reaching a metre in length and weighing up to 5 kilos have developed monstrous appetites and a bloody thirsty penchant for Mice.

Taken From Wild New Zealand

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A peaceful grazer becomes predator out on the African plains as a baboon stalks a gazelle. Will its reputation as one of the fastest animals on the African savannah be enough to save the gazelle from being caught? Subscribe: http://bit.ly/BBCEarthSub

David Attenborough examines its survival instincts with the aid of computer graphics.

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In the animal kingdom it's often necessary for the dominant male to defend your family from unwanted attention.

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From monkeys mourning a "dead baby", to lion cubs playing and boisterous bears, our Spy Cameras have been able to capture some truly magical moments on their undercover adventures. Join us as we share some of our favourite interactions from the natural world - all caught on Spy Cam!
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On the coast of Vancouver Island, the changing tides have a fascinating impact on shallow sea life. Raccoons take full advantage of the low tide to enjoy a sea feast in the spring tides. Subscribe: http://bit.ly/BBCEarthSub

Taken From Blue Planet Series 1

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Lyrics:

Give us this day all that you showed me
The power and the glory
'Til my kingdom comes
Give us this day all that you showed me
The power and the glory
'Til my kingdom comes
Give me all the storybook told me
The faith and the glory
'Til my kingdom comes
And they said that in our time
All that's good will fall from grace
Even saints would turn their face in our time
And they told us that in our days
Different words said in different ways
Have other meanings from he who says in out time
Give us this day all that you showed me
The power and the glory
'Til my kingdom comes
Give me all the storybook told me
The faith and the glory
'Til my kingdom comes
And they said that in our time we would reap from their legacy
We would learn from what they had seen in our time
And they told us that in our days
We would know what was high on high
We would follow and not defy in our time
Give us this day all that you showed me
The faith and the glory
'Til my kingdom comes
Faithless in faith
We must behold the things we see
Give us this day all that you showed me
The faith and the glory
'Til my kingdom comes
Give us this day all that you showed me
The power and the glory
'Til my kingdom comes
Give me all the storybook told me
The faith and the glory
'Til my kingdom comes
Give us this day all that you showed me
The power and the glory
'Til my kingdom comes

Something is growing inside that fruit fly in your kitchen. At dusk, the fly points its wings straight up and dies in a gruesome pose so that a fungus can ooze out and fire hundreds of reproductive spores.

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DEEP LOOK is a ultra-HD (4K) short video series created by KQED San Francisco and presented by PBS Digital Studios. See the unseen at the very edge of our visible world. Explore big scientific mysteries by going incredibly small.

Some of the scariest monsters are the ones that grow inside another being and take over its body. Think of the movie Alien, where the reptile-like space creature explodes out of its victim’s chest.

That monster might be fictional, but scientists are studying a fungus that’s horrifyingly real — at least for the flies it invades, turns into a zombie-like state and kills in order to reproduce.

“Oh, it’s a nightmare for the flies,” said entomologist Brad Mullens, who studied the fungus at the University of California, Riverside.

The fungus is known by its scientific name, Entomophthora muscae, which means “fly destroyer.” It lives off houseflies and fruit flies, among others.

“It’s a crazy system,” said Carolyn Elya, a biologist at Harvard. “The fungus only kills at dusk.”

Like a killer puppeteer, the fungus follows a precise clock.

At dusk on the fourth or fifth day after it picks up a fungal spore, an infected fruit fly stops flying. It starts behaving erratically, for example climbing up and down toothpicks that Elya puts into the vials where she keeps the infected insects.

Then the fly climbs to the top of the toothpick, a behavior Elya and other scientists refer to as “summiting.”

In an unusual twist, the fly then extends its mouthpart down, and some liquid drips out and glues the fly to the surface it’s standing on. Over the next 10 minutes, the fly’s wings ascend until they’re pointing upwards and it dies frozen in this lifelike pose.

Soon after, white spongy fungus oozes out of its abdomen. This white goo is made up of hundreds of lollipop-shaped protrusions which each launch a microscopic bell-shaped spore at high speed. Now the spores just need to get into another fly to grow.

--- Could this or a similar fungus “zombify” humans?
“No, it's very unlikely,” Elya said. “We can control our bodily temperature to kill invaders.”

-- Can we use the fungus as biological control?
Researchers have tried, but the spores are too fragile to grow in the lab.

---+ Read the entire article on KQED Science:
https://www.kqed.org/science/1....949314/this-killer-f

---+ Shoutout!

?Congratulations? to the following fans on our Deep Look Community Tab for coming up with the top titles - as decided by fellow Deep Peeps - for a horror movie starring this fungus:

Joginiz - "Flyday the 13th'
KingXDragoon - "Pretty Fly for a dead guy"
Laura Garrard - The Fungus Among Us!!
Lysiasolo - "Parafungal activity"
De paus van de Lilith Kerk - The whitecorpse horror (as an ode to HP Lovecraft "the Dunwich horror")

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Fluffy kittens chasing a ball are beyond adorable -- but they sure aren't born that way. Practically deaf and blind, in their first few weeks they need constant warmth and milk to survive. This is a huge challenge for animal shelters, so they're working with researchers on ways to help motherless kittens flourish.

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DEEP LOOK is a ultra-HD (4K) short video series created by KQED San Francisco and presented by PBS Digital Studios. See the unseen at the very edge of our visible world. Get a new perspective on our place in the universe and meet extraordinary new friends. Explore big scientific mysteries by going incredibly small.

--

Every year, hundreds of thousands of kittens end up in animal shelters, in need of permanent homes.

But raising orphaned newborns into healthy, fluffy, frisky two-month-olds ready to be adopted requires an enormous behind-the-scenes effort. All across the country, volunteer foster parents log many sleepless nights bottle-feeding kittens every few hours. So researchers and shelters are trying to figure out ways to make it easier.

“A lot of people think fostering is taking kittens home and playing with them,” said Penny Dougherty, chief executive director of Kitten Central of Placer County, an animal shelter she runs from her house in Newcastle, California, 30 miles northeast of Sacramento.

Kitten Central receives most of its kittens from Placer County Animal Services. Dougherty cares for kittens up to one month old, as well as feral and stray cats with litters. Once the kittens weigh at least two pounds and have been spayed and neutered, she returns them to the agency so they can put them up for adoption.

“They’re very happy to have our services,” said Dougherty, “because so many shelters have to euthanize.”

When the days start getting longer, around January, cats start breeding. March is the beginning of what’s known among shelters as “kitten season.” The flow of kittens doesn’t slow down until November.

“Kitten season is kind of one of the banes of shelter existence,” said Cynthia Delany, supervising shelter veterinarian at Yolo County Animal Services, in Woodland, west of Sacramento. “Six or seven months out of the year we’re just flooded with these little guys.”

To steer clear of inundating shelters with newborn kittens, Delany’s advice is to leave any litters you might encounter alone unless they’re in immediate danger. Most of the time their mom will return, she said, so check back periodically.

In an effort to lessen the load on foster parents and increase newborn kittens’ chances of survival, Mikel Maria Delgado, a postdoctoral researcher in the School of Veterinary Medicine at the University of California, Davis, is joining forces with Kitten Central and other animal shelters to figure out if there are optimum temperature and humidity levels that make it possible to feed newborn kittens less frequently. She has distributed incubators to the groups so that two or three kittens can be kept in each one for about three weeks.

---How long do kittens' eyes stay closed?
During the first week-and-a-half of their lives, kittens’ eyes are sealed closed and their ears are folded up, making them practically blind and deaf. They’re born this way because their brains aren’t developed enough to use those senses.

---+ Read the entire article on KQED Science:
https://www.kqed.org/science/1....930803/how-kittens-g

---+ For more information:
If you find a litter of newborn kittens: https://eastbayspca.org/get-in....volved/community-res

---+ More Great Deep Look episodes:

Why Does Your Cat’s Tongue Feel Like Sandpaper?
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9h_QtLol75I&t=24s

Watch This Bee Build Her Bee-jeweled Nest
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oPbH1YhsdP8

---+ See some great videos and documentaries from PBS Digital Studios!

It’s Okay to Be Smart: Why Do Disney Princesses All Look Like Babies?
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=T1gzpEktyKo

PBS Eons: The Story of Saberteeth
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hbjIhPHRZgc

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KQED, an NPR and PBS affiliate in San Francisco, CA, serves Northern California and beyond with a public-supported alternative to commercial TV, radio and web media.

Funding for Deep Look is provided in part by PBS Digital Studios. Deep Look is a project of KQED Science, which is supported by the Templeton Religion Trust and the Templeton World Charity Foundation, the S. D. Bechtel, Jr. Foundation, the Dirk and Charlene Kabcenell Foundation, the Vadasz Family Foundation, the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation, the Fuhs Family Foundation Fund and the members of KQED.

Pollinator. Mason. Jeweler. A female blue orchard bee is a multitasking master. She fashions exquisite nests out of mud and pollen that resemble pieces of jewelry. And in the process, she helps us grow nuts and fruits.

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A new type of bee is buzzing through California's orchards. And researchers are hoping that the iridescent, greenish insect may help provide a more efficient way to pollinate nuts and fruits in an era when traditional honeybees have struggled.

Unlike honeybees, blue orchard bees don’t sting humans. And instead of building large colonies with thousands of worker bees caring for eggs laid by a queen bee, female blue orchard bees work alone to build their nests and stock them with food. They’re solitary bees, like most of the 4,000 species of bees in North America.

Blue orchard bees, which are native to the United States, are of increasing interest to scientists, government agencies and farmers for their ability to pollinate almonds, sweet cherries and other tree fruits more efficiently than honeybees.

“This is, I think, the moment for these bees to shine,” said entomologist Natalie Boyle, who studies blue orchard bees at the United States Department of Agriculture in Logan, Utah.

Boyle works with almond growers in California, whose crop is worth $5.2 billion a year and who rely heavily on honeybees to pollinate their orchards every February. Research has found that 400 female blue orchard bees are as effective at pollinating almonds as the more than 10,000 bees in a honeybee hive, said Boyle.

Between 40 and 50 percent of honeybee colonies die each year around the country, according to the yearly National Honey Bee Survey, carried out by universities with the sponsorship of the USDA and the California Almond Board, among others.

Finding other bees that could work side by side with honeybees could offer what Boyle calls “pollination insurance.”

--- What is a mason bee?
The blue orchard bee is a mason bee. Females build their nests out of mud that they collect with two huge pincer-like tools on their face called mandibles. In nature, they build their nests in places like hollow twigs. But they will also build them in pencil-wide drill holes in a wood block.

--- What makes blue orchard bees good pollinators?
One thing that makes blue orchard bees good pollinators are hairs on their abdomen called scopa, on which they collect and spread pollen. Blue orchard bees are particularly good at pollinating almonds and tree fruits like cherries and apples because they love foraging in their flowers. And they’re particularly well-suited to pollinate almonds, which are in bloom in February, when it’s chilly in California’s Central Valley, because they will fly around and forage at a cooler temperature than honeybees.

---+ Read the article on KQED Science:
https://www.kqed.org/science/1....928378/watch-this-be


---+ For more information:
Download the free book How to Manage the Blue Orchard Bee:
https://www.sare.org/Learning-....Center/Books/How-to-

---+ More Great Deep Look episodes:

This Vibrating Bumblebee Unlocks a Flower’s Hidden Treasure
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SZrTndD1H10

What Do Earwigs Do With Those Pincers Anyway?
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HuOnqWpIL9E

---+ See some great videos and documentaries from PBS Digital Studios!

PBS Eons: When Insects First Flew
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7QMcXEj7IT0

CrashCourse: The Plants & The Bees: Plant Reproduction - CrashCourse Biology #38
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ExaQ8shhkw8

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---+ About KQED

KQED, an NPR and PBS affiliate in San Francisco, CA, serves Northern California and beyond with a public-supported alternative to commercial TV, radio and web media.

Funding for Deep Look is provided in part by PBS Digital Studios. Deep Look is a project of KQED Science, which is supported by the Templeton Religion Trust and the Templeton World Charity Foundation, the S. D. Bechtel, Jr. Foundation, the Dirk and Charlene Kabcenell Foundation, the Vadasz Family Foundation, the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation, the Fuhs Family Foundation Fund and the members of KQED.

#deeplook #blueorchardbee #wildlifedocumentary

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Nudibranchs may look cute, squishy and defenseless ... but watch out. These brightly-colored sea slugs aren't above stealing weapons from their prey.

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DEEP LOOK is a ultra-HD (4K) short video series created by KQED San Francisco and presented by PBS Digital Studios. See the unseen at the very edge of our visible world. Explore big scientific mysteries by going incredibly small.

The summer months bring low morning tides along the California coast, providing an opportunity to see one of the state’s most unusual inhabitants, sea slugs.

Also called nudibranchs, many of these relatives of snails are brightly colored and stand out among the seaweed and anemones living next to them in tidepools.

“Some of them are bright red, blue, yellow -- you name it,” said Terry Gosliner, senior curator of invertebrate zoology and geology at the California Academy of Sciences in San Francisco. “They're kind of designer slugs.”

But without a protective shell, big jaws or sharp claws, how do these squishy little creatures get away with such flamboyant colors in a habitat full of predators?

As it turns out, the nudibranchs’ colors serve as a warning to predators: These sea slugs are packing some very sophisticated defenses. And some aren’t above stealing weapons from their prey.

Gosliner and Brenna Green and Emily Otstott, graduate students at San Francisco State University, were out at dawn earlier this summer searching tidepools and floating docks around the Bay Area. They want to learn more about how these delicate little sea slugs survive and how changing ocean temperatures might threaten their futures.

Nudibranchs come in a staggering variety of shapes and sizes. Many accumulate toxic or bad-tasting chemicals from their prey, causing predators like fish and crabs to learn that the flashy colors mean the nudibranch wouldn’t make a good meal.

--- What are nudibranchs?
Nudibranchs are snails that lost their shell over evolutionary time. Since they don’t have a shell for protection, they have to use other ways to defend themselves like accumulating toxic chemicals in their flesh to make them taste bad to predators. Some species of nudibranchs eat relatives of jellyfish and accumulate the stingers within their bodies for defense.

--- Why do nudibranchs have such bright colors?
The bright colors serve as a signal to the nudibranch’s predators that they are not good to eat. If a fish or crab bites a nudibranch, it learns to associate the bad taste with the bright colors which tends to make them reluctant to bite a nudibranch with those colors in the future.

--- What does nudibranch mean?
The word nudibranch comes from Latin. It means naked gills. They got that name because some species of nudibranchs have an exposed ring of gills on their back that they use to breath.

---+ Read the entire article on KQED Science:
https://www.kqed.org/science/1....929993/this-adorable

---+ For more information:

Learn more about Terry Gosliner’s work with nudibranchs
https://www.calacademy.org/sta....ff/ibss/invertebrate

Learn more about Chris Lowe’s work with plankton
http://lowe.stanford.edu/

Learn more about Jessica Goodheart’s study of nematocyst sequestration
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.co....m/doi/full/10.1111/i

---+ More Great Deep Look episodes:

From Drifter to Dynamo: The Story of Plankton | Deep Look
https://youtu.be/jUvJ5ANH86I

For Pacific Mole Crabs It's Dig or Die | Deep Look
https://youtu.be/tfoYD8pAsMw

The Amazing Life of Sand | Deep Look
https://youtu.be/VkrQ9QuKprE

---+ See some great videos and documentaries from PBS Digital Studios!

Why Are Hurricanes Getting Stronger? | Hot Mess
https://youtu.be/2E1Nt7JQRzc

When Fish Wore Armor | Eons
https://youtu.be/5pVTZH1LyTw

Why Do We Wash Our Hands After Going to the Bathroom? | Origin of Everything
https://youtu.be/fKlpGs34-_g

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---+ About KQED

KQED, an NPR and PBS affiliate in San Francisco, CA, serves Northern California and beyond with a public-supported alternative to commercial TV, Radio and web media.

Funding for Deep Look is provided in part by PBS Digital Studios. Deep Look is a project of KQED Science, which is supported by the Templeton Religion Trust and the Templeton World Charity Foundation, the S. D. Bechtel, Jr. Foundation, the Dirk and Charlene Kabcenell Foundation, the Vadasz Family Foundation, the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation, the Fuhs Family Foundation Fund and the members of KQED.

#deeplook #nudibranch #seaslug

When you live by the seashore, one day you're in, the next day you're lunch. So these crabs don the latest in seaweed outerwear and anemone accessories to blend in.

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DEEP LOOK is a ultra-HD (4K) short video series created by KQED San Francisco and presented by PBS Digital Studios. See the unseen at the very edge of our visible world. Get a new perspective on our place in the universe and meet extraordinary new friends. Explore big scientific mysteries by going incredibly small.

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As fans of the hit TV show Project Runway know, in fashion one day you’re in, and the next day you’re out. Nowhere is this truer than in the animal kingdom. One minute you’re a crab minding your own business in a tide pool, and the next, you’re a seagull’s snack.

Unless you’re a decorator crab, that is, and you use this season’s seaweed to save your life.

There are nearly 700 species of decorator crabs around the world – about a dozen of them in California, where they live in tide pools and kelp forests. They camouflage by decorating their heads, or their entire bodies depending on the species, with pieces of seaweed, anemones or other materials around them, which they attach securely to a natural Velcro that grows right on their bodies.

“It’s not a glue or anything; they have these hooked hairs all over their shells,” said biologist Jay Stachowicz, who studies decorator crabs at the University of California, Davis. “Through microscope photography we can see that it looks just like Velcro, except probably even better, even more hooked.”

These golden-colored hairs are thick and curled to form long rows. Some species of decorator crabs have these rows of hooked hairs only on their heads; others, on their entire bodies.

At his lab at UC Davis’ Bodega Marine Lab in Bodega Bay, Stachowicz collects crabs off the coast, places them in tanks, gives them some seaweed and watches them go to work.

The process is more exciting than watching Project Runway contestants create their confections, if you consider that the crabs are making it work with much more simple tools than the designers. And the stakes are much higher.

--- How does a decorator crab camouflage?
A pink Cryptic kelp crab, for example, cuts a piece of purple seaweed with one of its claws.

Then the crab holds the piece of seaweed above its head, the only part of its body where it has hooked hairs. It moves the piece of seaweed back and forth, until it’s tightly wedged inside the hooks. Then it repeats the process. The result is a “hat” of bushy seaweed that protrudes beyond its head.

With the seaweed, the crab is concealing two of its four antennae, short protuberances near its mouth. These antennae are constantly aflutter. The crab uses them to smell, and they could call the attention of predators even when the crab remains still. By hiding the movement of the antennae, the seaweed visor protects the crab from birds pecking around in the tide pools and aquatic predators like fish and octopuses.

--- What is Tim Gunn’s most famous quote?
The beloved advisor to contestants of Project Runway has many memorable phrases. But we’re pretty confident that one of his best-known sayings is “Make it work!”


---+ Read the entire article on KQED Science:

https://ww2.kqed.org/science/2....017/05/09/decorator-

---+ For more information:

Jay Stachowicz Lab at the University of California, Davis:
http://www.eve.ucdavis.edu/sta....chowicz/research.sht

---+ More Great Deep Look episodes:

Sticky. Stretchy. Waterproof. The Amazing Underwater Tape of the Caddisfly
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Z3BHrzDHoYo

Pygmy Seahorses: Masters of Camouflage
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Q3CtGoqz3ww

Watch These Frustrated Squirrels Go Nuts!
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZUjQtJGaSpk

---+ See some great videos and documentaries from the PBS Digital Studios!

Above The Noise: Why Do Our Brains Love Fake News?
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dNmwvntMF5A&index=1&list=PL1mtdjDVOoOqJzeaJAV15Tq0tZ1vKj7ZV

Braincraft: Do You Own Your Cells?
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DIFTIYZrm0g&list=PL1mtdjDVOoOqJzeaJAV15Tq0tZ1vKj7ZV&index=4
---+ Follow KQED Science:

KQED Science: http://www.kqed.org/science
Tumblr: http://kqedscience.tumblr.com
Twitter: https://www.twitter.com/kqedscience

---+ About KQED

KQED, an NPR and PBS affiliate in San Francisco, California, serves Northern California and beyond with a public-supported alternative to commercial TV, radio and web media.

Funding for Deep Look is provided in part by PBS Digital Studios and the John S. and James L. Knight Foundation. Deep Look is a project of KQED Science, which is also supported by HopeLab, the S. D. Bechtel, Jr. Foundation, the Dirk and Charlene Kabcenell Foundation, the Vadasz Family Foundation, the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation, the Smart Family Foundation and the members of KQED.
#deeplook

With their big heads and beady black eyes, Jerusalem crickets aren't winning any beauty contests. But that doesn't stop them from finding mates. They use their bulbous bellies to serenade each other with some furious drumming.

Support Deep Look on Patreon! https://www.patreon.com/deeplook
Come join us on our Deep Look Communty Tab: https://www.youtube.com/user/K....QEDDeepLook/communit

--

DEEP LOOK is an ultra-HD (4K) short video series created by KQED San Francisco and presented by PBS Digital Studios. See the unseen at the very edge of our visible world. Explore big scientific mysteries by going incredibly small.

Potato Bug. Child of the Earth. Old Bald-Headed Man. Skull Insects. Devil’s Baby. Spawn of Satan. There’s a fairly long list of imaginative nicknames that refer to Jerusalem crickets, those six-legged insects with eerily humanlike faces and prominent striped abdomens. And they can get quite large, too: Some measure over 3 inches long and weigh more than a mouse, so they can be quite unnerving if you see them crawling around in your backyard in summertime.

One individual who finds them compelling, and not creepy, has been studying Jerusalem crickets for over 40 years: David Weissman, a research associate in entomology affiliated with the California Academy of Sciences in San Francisco. He’s now considered the world’s foremost expert, since no one else has been as captivated or singlemindedly devoted to learning more about them.

While much of their general behavior is still not widely understood, Jerusalem crickets typically live solitary lives underground. They’ll emerge at night to scavenge for roots, tubers and smaller insects for their meals. And it’s also when they come out to serenade potential partners with a musical ritual: To attract a mate, adult crickets use their abdomens to drum the ground and generate low-frequency sound waves.

If a male begins drumming and a female senses the vibrations, she’ll respond with a longer drumming sequence so that he’ll have enough time to track her down. The drumming can vary between one beat every other second up to 40 beats per second.

---+ Read the entire article on KQED Science:
https://www.kqed.org/science/1....932923/jerusalem-cri

---+ For more information:

JERUSALEM! CRICKET? (Orthoptera: Stenopelmatidae: Stenopelmatus); Origins of a Common Name https://goo.gl/Y49GAK

---+ More Great Deep Look episodes:

The House Centipede is Fast, Furious, and Just So Extra | Deep Look
https://youtu.be/q2RtbP1d7Kg

Roly Polies Came From the Sea to Conquer the Earth | Deep Look
https://youtu.be/sj8pFX9SOXE

Turret Spiders Launch Sneak Attacks From Tiny Towers | Deep Look
https://youtu.be/9bEjYunwByw

---+ Shoutout!

?Congratulations ? to Piss Dog, Trent Geer, Mario Stankovski, Jelani Shillingford,
and Chaddydaddy who were the first to correctly 3 the species of Jerusalem Cricket relatives of the Stenopelmatoidea superfamily in our episode, over at the Deep Look Community Tab:

https://www.youtube.com/channe....l/UC-3SbfTPJsL8fJAPK

(hat tip to Antonio Garcia, who shared 3 full species names)


---+ Follow KQED Science and Deep Look:

Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/kqedscience/
Twitter: https://www.twitter.com/kqedscience
KQED Science on kqed.org: http://www.kqed.org/science
Facebook Watch: https://www.facebook.com/DeepLookPBS/
Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/deeplook

---+ About KQED
KQED, an NPR and PBS affiliate in San Francisco, CA, serves Northern California and beyond with a public-supported alternative to commercial TV, Radio and web media.

Funding for Deep Look is provided in part by PBS Digital Studios. Deep Look is a project of KQED Science, which is also supported by the National Science Foundation, the Templeton Religion Trust, the Templeton World Charity Foundation, the S. D. Bechtel, Jr. Foundation, the Dirk and Charlene Kabcenell Foundation, the Vadasz Family Foundation, the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation, the Fuhs Family Foundation and the members of KQED. #deeplook #jerusalemcrickets #wildlife

Are You Smarter Than A Slime Mold? Let’s go ask Joe Hanson: https://youtu.be/K8HEDqoTPgk

SUBSCRIBE to Deep Look! http://goo.gl/8NwXqt

DEEP LOOK: a new ultra-HD (4K) short video series created by KQED San Francisco and presented by PBS Digital Studios. See the unseen at the very edge of our visible world. Get a new perspective on our place in the universe and meet extraordinary new friends. Explore big scientific mysteries by going incredibly small.

---+ About Slime Molds

Flip over a rotting log and chances are you’ll see a goopy streak stuck to the wood. If you were to film this goop and play the video back in high speed, you’d see something that might remind you of the 1950s sci-fi classic “The Blob:” a jelly-like creature pulsating in a strange way, a little bit forward, a little bit back, spreading and searching for something to devour.

But this creature isn’t intent on world domination. It’s a slime mold, a very simple organism that is neither plant, nor animal, nor fungus. Unlike the cells of other living beings, which have only one nucleus that carries their genetic information, slime molds can organize into something like a cell with thousands of nuclei. Slime molds may move slowly, but they excite scientists by their ability to get a lot done with very little.

Researchers at the University of California San Diego and UC Davis have been focusing their attention on how slime molds get around, in the hope of inspiring a new generation of soft-bodied robots with medical applications.

Slime molds don’t have legs or any appendages. They eat bacteria and tiny fungi. And they move just by changing their shape.

“It’s intriguing to understand how they can move when they’re softer than the environment,” said UC San Diego engineer Juan Carlos Del Alamo. “The absence of limbs makes it a difficult problem.”

Slime mold’s locomotion is triggered by a chemical reaction. In the lab, Del Alamo and his colleagues cut off small pieces of a bright yellow slime mold called Physarum polycephalum and put them under a microscope. They watched each piece squeeze itself. This contraction is triggered by tiny calcium ions flowing inside it. The slime mold contracts its wall, then sloshes to move the calcium ions back so that they can trigger another contraction – at least that’s the researchers’ hypothesis.

---+ What are slime molds?

Let’s start with what they’re not. They can stand upright and produce spores. But they’re not fungi or plants. When they’re hungry, they spread across the forest chasing food such as tiny fungi or bacteria. But they’re not animals.

---+ Where are slime molds often found?

Slime molds are often found under rotting logs. You can also order the bright yellow slime mold in our video, Physarum polycephalum, from biological supplies companies. They’re fun to grow at home.

---+ What do slime molds eat?

In nature, slime molds eat tiny fungi and bacteria. When they’re grown in the lab, researchers feed them oats.

Read the entire article on KQED Science:
https://ww2.kqed.org/science/2....016/04/19/this-pulsa

---+ More great DEEP LOOK episodes:

Can A Thousand Tiny Swarming Robots Outsmart Nature?
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dDsmbwOrHJs

This Mushroom Starts Killing You Before You Even Realize It
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bl9aCH2QaQY

Banana Slugs: Secret of the Slime
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mHvCQSGanJg&nohtml5=False

---+ More videos and documentaries from the PBS Digital Studios!

Gross Science: Why Am I Obsessed With Gross Stuff?
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8dfVN5w3_Y4

BrainCraft: The Prisoner's Dilemma
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=p1KU7i5hpM8


---+ Follow KQED Science:

KQED Science: http://www.kqed.org/science
Tumblr: http://kqedscience.tumblr.com
Twitter: https://www.twitter.com/kqedscience

---+ About KQED

KQED, an NPR and PBS affiliate based in San Francisco, serves the people of Northern California and beyond with a public-supported alternative to commercial media. KQED is also a leader and innovator in interactive media and technology, taking people of all ages on journeys of exploration — exposing them to new people, places and ideas.

Funding for Deep Look is provided in part by PBS Digital Studios and the John S. and James L. Knight Foundation. Deep Look is a project of KQED Science, which is also supported by HopeLab, the David B. Gold Foundation, the S. D. Bechtel, Jr. Foundation, the Dirk and Charlene Kabcenell Foundation, the Vadasz Family Foundation, the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation, the Smart Family Foundation and the members of KQED.
#deeplook

Bugs and beetles can’t hold their breath underwater like we do. But some aquatic insects can spend their whole adult lives underwater. How do they do it? Meet nature’s Scuba divers. They carry their air with them—in some cases, for a lifetime.

SUBSCRIBE to Deep Look! http://goo.gl/8NwXqt

DEEP LOOK: a new ultra-HD (4K) short video series created by KQED San Francisco and presented by PBS Digital Studios. See the unseen at the very edge of our visible world. Get a new perspective on our place in the universe and meet extraordinary new friends. Explore big scientific mysteries by going incredibly small.

--- How do some insects breathe underwater?

Air-breathing aquatic bugs and beetles don’t hold their breath the way sea mammals do, nor do they have gills like fish.

So how do they do it? The answer lies in their small size. Insect scuba strategies hinge on a property of water that relative giants like us usually overlook: surface tension.

People first crossed the line between land and sea to become scuba divers more than 70 years ago, when Jacques Cousteau pioneered the Aqua-Lung in Nazi-occupied France.

But some species of aquatic insects have been doing it for millions of years.

“Water beetles have been breathing underwater since before the dinosaurs existed,” said Crystal Maier, an entomologist at The Field Museum in Chicago. “It has evolved at least 10 times across the insect tree of life.”

--- What is surface tension?

Surface tension is the property of any liquid that describes how its particles stick together. In the case of water, surface tension is especially strong, enough to form a kind of film where it meets the air, whether at the surface or in a bubble.

The film is so strong, in fact, that a paper clip, which should sink because of its density, will float.

Surface tension is a delicate force, vulnerable to changes temperature, turbulence or the introduction of contaminants, like soap. A sudden drop in surface tension can drown a whole insect community in an instant.

Though it might not seem to affect our world to the same degree, surface tension is active all around us. It allows raindrops to form, trees to bring water to their leaves and ice to float. So in a sense, we too live on a thin boundary, ruled by the same subtle properties of water.

--- How do beetles use surface tension to breathe underwater?

If you’re a bug the size of a paperclip, in other words, surface tension makes a difference. Harnessing it, some aquatic beetles carry the oxygen they need underwater in the form of a temporary bubble, sort of like a natural scuba tank. Others encase themselves in a layer of air and draw oxygen from it their whole lives.

“It’s a pretty successful group of insects. They’re on every continent, except Antarctica,” said Cheryl Barr, collection manger emeritus at the Essig Museum of Entomology at UC Berkeley.

--- Super videos from the PBS Digital Studios Network!

Seven Surface Tension Experiments | Physics Girl
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WsksF...

Nature's Most Amazing Animal Superpowers | It's Okay to Be Smart
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=e69ya...

Why Don’t These Cicadas Have Butts? | Gross Science
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IDBkj...

Read the full article on KQED Science:

http://ww2.kqed.org/science/20....15/11/10/natures-scu

--- More great DEEP LOOK episodes:

Halloween Special: Watch Flesh-Eating Beetles Strip Bodies to the Bone
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Np0hJ...

What Happens When You Put a Hummingbird in a Wind Tunnel?
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JyqY6...

You're Not Hallucinating. That's Just Squid Skin.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0wtLr...

--- More KQED SCIENCE:

Tumblr: http://kqedscience.tumblr.com
Twitter: https://www.twitter.com/kqedscience
KQED Science: http://ww2.kqed.org/science


Funding for Deep Look is provided in part by PBS Digital Studios and the John S. and James L. Knight Foundation. Deep Look is a project of KQED Science, which is supported by HopeLab, The David B. Gold Foundation; S. D. Bechtel, Jr. Foundation; The Dirk and Charlene Kabcenell Foundation; The Vadasz Family Foundation; Smart Family Foundation and the members of KQED.
#deeplook

There’s some amazing talent being showcased at the Nick Jr. Talent Show. Watch as friends from PAW Patrol, Corn & Peg, Abby Hatcher, and more, sing, dance, and show off their skills! You can find more weekday mornings on Nickelodeon, and everywhere you find Nick Jr.

Your kids’ favorite cartoon characters are taking the stage and showcasing their talent. Corn and Peg show off their vocals. Princess Flug and Teeny Terry wow the crowd. Rubble and Marshall lead a pup band jam session. Blaze and Shimmer and Shine also join the show. There’s singing, dancing, and so much fun!

Kids can watch their favorite Nick Jr. shows weekdays on Nickelodeon and all week long on the Nick Jr. channel: http://nickjr.com/tvschedule/

#CornandPeg #NickJr #PAWPatrol #TalentShow #Kids #Nickelodeon

***ADVERTISEMENT***

Preschoolers can watch full episodes of their favorite Nick Jr. shows in the free Nick Jr. App.
iTunes: https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/nick-jr./id911115712?ls=1&mt=8
Google: https://play.google.com/store/....apps/details?id=com.
Amazon: https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/B01LQP0EL2

Stream Nick Jr. for free in the Nick Jr. App on Roku and Apple TV or download full episodes for offline viewing on iTunes or Google Play: https://play.google.com/store/apps/developer?id=Nickelodeon&hl=en

You can also download premium apps featuring your child's favorite Nick Jr. shows on iTunes, Google Play, and Amazon:
iTunes: https://itunes.apple.com/us/de....veloper/nickelodeon/ Google Play:https://play.google.com/store/apps/developer?id=Nickelodeon&hl=en
Amazon: https://www.amazon.com/s/ref=bl_sr_mobile-apps?_encoding=UTF8&field-brandtextbin=Nickelodeon&node=2350149011

Download premium Nick Jr. games and apps on iTunes, Google Play, and Amazon:

Nick Jr. Draw and Play
iPhone: https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/nick-jr-draw-play/id513395037?ls=1&mt=8
iPad: https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/nick-jr-draw-play-hd/id513414742?ls=1&mt=8
Google Play (Phone): https://play.google.com/store/....apps/details?id=com.
Google Play (Tablet): https://play.google.com/store/....apps/details?id=com.
Amazon: https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/B00ED0R0EW

Nick Jr. Let’s Learn
iPhone: https://itunes.apple.com/us/ap....p-bundle/id918620400
iPad: https://itunes.apple.com/us/ap....p-bundle/id918650760

Howl, oink, chirp and vroom!!!! Let’s make some noise for Nickelodeon being the home of your favorite animated TV shows like Peppa Pig, PAW Patrol, Top Wing, and Blaze and the Monster Machines! Check out this video to catch some of our favorite friends celebrating the good news – the arrival of new episodes every weekday morning on Nickelodeon! Peppa, George, Marshall, Skye, Swift, Penny, Blaze and AJ are all jumping for joy because there’s only one place to watch the latest animated cartoon adventures – and that's by tuning in every weekday morning at 8am, only on Nickelodeon!

Dora the Explorer and the Bubble Guppies have some fun songs all about music! Learn about different instruments, reasons to sing about anything, gymnastics, and painting! Sing-along and dance to these new songs, then make up a song of your own!

#DoraTheExplorer #BubbleGuppies #NickJr

Team Top Wing is taking their training to the next level in a week of all new adventures! Check out this sneak peek featuring cartoon characters Penny, Rod, Brody, and Swift. See everyone’s favorite rescue birds-in-training master the toughest skills, face new challenges, and work together to earn their wings! Do the Top Wing cadets have what it takes? Find out in a week of brand-new full episodes, starting Monday at 12pm on Nickelodeon.

Princess Nella tells us a few ways we can be a knight, in this catchy sing along song!

For more Nick Jr. activities and games visit : http://www.nickjr.co.uk/

To watch full episodes of all of your favourite shows, tune in to the Nick Jr. and Nick Jr. Too UK TV channels.

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