Hank imagines himself breaking into the Hot Pockets factory to steal their secret recipes and instruction manuals in order to help us understand how the processes known as DNA transcription and translation allow our cells to build proteins.

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Table of Contents:
1) Transcription 2:12
A) Transcription Unit 3:00
B) Promoter 3:10
C) TATA Box 3:32
D) RNA Polymerase 4:12
E) mRNA 4:15
F) Termination signal 5:21
G) 5' Cap & Poly-A Tail 5:34
2) RNA Splicing 6:08
A) SNuRPs & Spliceosome 6:26
B) Exons & Introns 6:56
3) Translation 7:28
A) mRNA & tRNA 8:01
B) Triplet Codons & Anticodons 8:39
4) Folding & Protein Structure 10:51
A) Primary Structure 11:11
B) Secondary Structure 11:23
C) Tertiary Structure 11:58
D) Quaternary Structure 12:44


Links to episodes referenced in the video:
DNA structure episode: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8kK2zwjRV0M
Animal cells episode: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cj8dDTHGJBY
Fold-it SciShow episode: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JdBcpdH_ptA

REFERENCES for this video can be found in the Google document here: http://dft.ba/-2mxX

This video contains the following sounds from Freesound.org:
"IMPresora.wav" by melack
"swishes.wav" by pogotron

tags: crashcourse, science, biology, DNA, titin, hot pocket, transcription, translation, gene, RNA, enzyme, transcription unit, adenine, thymine, cytosine, guanine, TATA box, DNA strand, mRNA, messenger RNA, RNA polymerase, uracil, termination signal, RNA splicing, SNuRPs, spliceosome, exons, introns, ribosome, tRNA, transfer RNA, amino acid, nitrogenous base, codon, anticodon, polypeptide chain, folding, helix, pleated sheets, protein biosynthesis, gene expression Support CrashCourse on Subbable: http://subbable.com/crashcourse

Michael Jackson's "Remember The Time" short film was the second short film from the Dangerous album and continued to push the boundaries of the music video medium with a star-studded, nine-minute epic co-starring Eddie Murphy, Iman and Magic Johnson. Directed by John Singleton, this short film was hailed as a "gorgeous ancient Egyptian extravaganza" by Entertainment Weekly.

Buy/Listen to Dangerous:
Amazon - http://smarturl.it/MJ_Dangerou....s_Amzn?IQid=ytd.mj.r
iTunes - http://smarturl.it/MJ_Dangerou....s_iTunes?IQid=ytd.mj
Spotify - http://smarturl.it/mj_dngrs_sptfy?IQid=ytd.mj.rtt

Written and Composed by Michael Jackson, Teddy Riley and Bernard Belle
Produced by Teddy Riley and Michael Jackson for MJJ Productions, Inc.
Executive Producer: Michael Jackson
From the album Dangerous, released November 26, 1991
Released as a single January 14, 1992

THE SHORT FILM
Director: John Singleton
Primary Production Location: Los Angeles, California

Michael Jackson's short film for "Remember the Time" was the second of nine short films produced for recordings from Dangerous, Michael's fourth album as an adult solo performer. As a single, "Remember the Time" reached the Top 5 in nine countries, including the United States, Canada, the United Kingdom, France, Spain, Ireland and New Zealand (where it reached No. 1).

"Remember the Time" was certified Gold by the Recording Industry Association of America on March 16, 1992. In 1993, the single won an American Music Award for Favorite Soul Single and a Soul Train Award for Best Single (Male). Both "Remember the Time" and its predecessor "Black or White" received a BMI Urban Award in 1993 for being two of the most performed songs of the year.

Once again, Michael pushed the boundaries of the music video medium with "Remember the Time," crafting a star-studded, nine-minute epic set in ancient Egypt. A pharaoh (Eddie Murphy) and his queen (Iman) seek new entertainment for the court. After a palace guard (Magic Johnson) presents jugglers and fire-eaters to no interest from the royals, a black-robed wizard shocks the court by disintegrating before reforming as a gold-clad Michael Jackson, whose romantic song and dance directed at the queen angers the pharaoh. Michael is chased throughout the kingdom by the pharaoh's guards, pausing to briefly romance the queen and lead a hip-hop dance breakdown before spinning and turning to sand, evading the guards once and for all.

Follow the Official Michael Jackson Accounts:
Facebook - http://smarturl.it/mj_facebook?IQid=ytd.mj.rtt
Twitter - http://smarturl.it/mj_twitter?IQid=ytd.mj.rtt
Spotify - http://smarturl.it/mj_spotify?IQid=ytd.mj.rtt
Newsletter - http://smarturl.it/mj_newsletter?IQid=ytd.mj.rtt
YouTube - http://smarturl.it/mj_youtube?IQid=ytd.mj.rtt
Website - http://smarturl.it/mj_website?IQid=ytd.mj.rtt

"Rock With You" was Michael Jackson's second short film, filmed in 1979 for the second No. 1 hit single from 'Off the Wall.' The Bruce Gowers-directed short film, featuring Michael dancing in a sequined jumpsuit and matching boots against a set of shimmering lasers, was ranked No. 6 on a list of Michael's 20 greatest videos by Rolling Stone.

Buy/Listen to Off The Wall:
Amazon - http://smarturl.it/mj_otw_amzn?IQid=ytd.mj.rwy
Amazon (bundle) - http://smarturl.it/mj_otw_bundle?IQid=ytd.mj.rwy
iTunes - http://smarturl.it/MJ_OTW_iT?IQid=ytd.mj.rwy
Spotify - http://smarturl.it/mj_otw_sptfy?IQid=ytd.mj.rwy

Written by Rod Temperton
Produced by Quincy Jones for Quincy Jones Productions
From the album Off the Wall, released August 10, 1979
Released as a single November 3, 1979

THE SHORT FILM
Director: Bruce Gowers
Primary Production Location: Los Angeles, California

Although all of Michael Jackson's music videos are referred to as short films, the short films for Off the Wall, Michael's first solo album for Epic Records, are more classic "music videos," as they are performance clips rather than scripted stories. Michael's short film for "Rock With You" was the second of the three short films produced for recordings from that album. The single reached No. 1 in the United States in 1980, topping Billboard's Hot 100 and Hot R&B Singles charts and reaching No. 4 on Billboard's Year-End Hot 100 chart that same year.

"Rock With You" was certified Gold by the Recording Industry Association of America on February 14, 1980, and Platinum of February 14, 1989. The song was ranked No. 82 on Rolling Stone and MTV's list of the 100 Greatest Pop Songs in 2000. In his 1988 memoir Moonwalk, Michael called "Rock With You," written by Rod Temperton, "the sort of thing I was aiming for" in creating an album to his vision.

The short film featured Michael performing the song on a plain stage in a sequined jumpsuit and matching boots, a set of shimmering lasers illuminating his outfit from behind. Director Bruce Gowers praised Michael as "an absolute professional" in an interview with Rolling Stone. In 2014, the magazine would rank "Rock With You" No. 6 on a list of Michael Jackson's 20 Greatest Videos.

Follow the Official Michael Jackson Accounts:
Facebook - http://smarturl.it/mj_facebook?IQid=ytd.mj.rwy
Twitter - http://smarturl.it/mj_twitter?IQid=ytd.mj.rwy
Spotify - http://smarturl.it/mj_spotify?IQid=ytd.mj.rwy
Newsletter - http://smarturl.it/mj_newsletter?IQid=ytd.mj.rwy
YouTube - http://smarturl.it/mj_youtube?IQid=ytd.mj.rwy
Website - http://smarturl.it/mj_website?IQid=ytd.mj.rwy

Music video by Michael Jackson performing Scream. © 1995 MJJ Productions Inc.

Even Worse:
Buy/Listen - https://WeirdAlYankovic.lnk.to/evenworse!ytfat

About the album:
Even Worse is the fifth studio album by "Weird Al" Yankovic, released on April 12, 1988. The album was produced by former The McCoys guitarist, Rick Derringer. The music on Even Worse is built around parodies and pastiches of pop and rock music of the mid-1980s. Half of the album is made up of parodies while the other is original material, featuring many "style parodies" or musical imitations.

Follow "Weird Al" Yankovic:
Spotify - https://WeirdAlYankovic.lnk.to/evenworseSp!fat
Facebook - https://WeirdAlYankovic.lnk.to/evenworseFA!fat
Twitter - https://WeirdAlYankovic.lnk.to/evenworseTA!fat
Instagram - https://WeirdAlYankovic.lnk.to/evenworseIA!fat
Website - https://WeirdAlYankovic.lnk.to/evenworseAW!fat
YouTube - https://WeirdAlYankovic.lnk.to/evenworseAY!fat

#WeirdAlYankovic #Fat #Vevo #Pop #OfficialMusicVideo

Michael Jackson first time singing and dancing to Billie jean live plus a the moonwalk

Recorded on February 1st, 2010, in the same studio as the original 25 years earlier (Henson Recording Studios, formerly A&M Recording Studios) "We Are The World 25 For Haiti", in which Quincy Jones and Lionel Richie serve as executive producers and producers, was created in collaboration with executive producers Wyclef Jean, Randy Phillips and Peter Tortorici; producers Humberto Gattica and RedOne; and co-producers Rickey Minor, Mervyn Warren and Patti Austin to benefit the Haitian earthquake relief efforts and the rebuilding of Haiti.

Academy Award-winning writer-director Paul Haggis (Crash, Million Dollar Baby), whose own personal efforts as well as those of Artists for Peace and Justice have already saved countless lives in Haiti, filmed the private recording session to create the accompanying video and behind-the-scenes production, and serves as Film Director and as an Executive Producer with Jones, Richie, Jean, Phillips and Tortorici.

The 25th Anniversary recording features over 80 artists and performers. The recording of We Are The World 25 For Haiti embodied the same enthusiasm, sense of purpose and generosity as the original recording 25 years ago. Every one of the artists who participated, regardless of genre or generation, walked into the room with their hearts and souls completely open to coming together to help the people of Haiti.

Viewers like you help make PBS (Thank you

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In which John Green teaches you about China's Revolutions. While the rest of the world was off having a couple of World Wars, China was busily uprooting the dynastic system that had ruled there for millennia. Most revolutions have some degree of tumult associated with them, but China's 20th century revolutions were REALLY disruptive. In 1911 and 1912, Chinese nationalists brought 3000 years of dynastic rule to an end. China plunged into chaos as warlords staked out regions of the country for themselves. The nationalists and communists joined forces briefly to bring the nation back together under the Chinese Republic, and then they quickly split and started fighting the Chinese Civil War. The fight between nationalists and communists went on for decades, and was interrupted by an alliance to fight the invading Japanese during World War II. After the World War II ended, the Chinese Civil War was back on. Mao and the communists were ultimately victorious, and Chiang Kai-Shek ended up in Taiwan. And then it got weird. Mao spent years repeatedly trying to purify the Communist Party and build up the new People's Republic of China with Rectifications, Anti Campaigns, Five Year Plans. the Great Leap Forward, and the Cultural Revolution. These had mixed results, to say the least. John will cover all this and more in this week's Crash Course World History.

Crash Course is now available on DVD! http://store.dftba.com/product....s/crashcourse-world-

Resources:

The Search for Modern China by Jonathan D. Spence - http://dft.ba/-modernchina

Blood Red Sunset: A Memoir of the Cultural Revolution by Ma Bo - http://dft.ba/-mabo

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We begin our unit on ethics with a look at metaethics. Hank explains three forms of moral realism – moral absolutism, and cultural relativism, including the difference between descriptive and normative cultural relativism – and moral subjectivism, which is a form of moral antirealism. Finally, we’ll introduce the concept of an ethical theory.


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The Latest from PBS Digital Studios: https://www.youtube.com/playli....st?list=PL1mtdjDVOoO


--


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Crash Course Philosophy is sponsored by Squarespace.
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***Subbable Message***

To Robert,
Thank you for showing me the world, darling!
From Amy

and

That's happiness; to be dissolved into something complete and great.
From Ty Scaletta

******

Even if you're Mel Gibson or Kanye, it's probably best to not wear all of your emotions on your sleeve. In this episode of Crash Course Psychology, Hank talks about these things called "Emotions". What are they? And why do we need them?

--
Table of Contents:

Emotions 00:54:22
Theories on Emotions 02:10:20
Cognition & Emotion 03:35:17
The Autonomic Nervous System 07:39:11
--
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In which John Green teaches you about the Protestant Reformation. Prior to the Protestant Reformation, pretty much everyone in Europe was a Roman Catholic. Not to get all great man, but Martin Luther changed all that. Martin Luther didn't like the corruption he saw in the church, especially the sale of indulgences, so he left the church and started his own. And it caught on! And it really did kind of change the world. The changes increased literacy and education, and some even say the Protestant Reformation was the beginning of Capitalism in Europe.

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You can directly support Crash Course at https://www.patreon.com/crashcourse Subscribe for as little as $0 to keep up with everything we're doing. Free is nice, but if you can afford to pay a little every month, it really helps us to continue producing this content.

Why do people buy the stuff they buy? In classical economics, most models assume that consumers behave rationally. As you've probably noticed in your real life, in case after case, people don't actually make rational decisions. There can be emotional or social reasons for all this irrationality, and behavioral economics tries to address this. We'll talk about risk, nudge theory, prices and perception, and the ultimatum game. So, let's get irrational, in a logical way, of course.

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Thanks to the following Patrons for their generous monthly contributions that help keep Crash Course free for everyone forever:

Mark, Eric Kitchen, Jessica Wode, Jeffrey Thompson, Steve Marshall, Moritz Schmidt, Robert Kunz, Tim Curwick, Jason A Saslow, SR Foxley, Elliot Beter, Jacob Ash, Christian, Jan Schmid, Jirat, Christy Huddleston, Daniel Baulig, Chris Peters, Anna-Ester Volozh, Ian Dundore, Caleb Weeks

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***
Why do people do bad things? Is it because of the situation or who they are at their core? In this week's episode of Crash Course Psychology, Hank works to shed a little light on the ideas of Situation vs. Personality. Oh, and we'll have a look at the Stanford Prison Experiment... It's alarming.

If you are currently in need of help: http://www.mentalhealth.gov/get-help/

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Table of Contents:

Social Psychology 01:29
Fundamental Attribution Error 02:04
Dual-Process Theory of Persuasion 03:18
Foot-In-The-Door Phenomenon 04:35
Stanford Prison Experiment 05:12
Cognitive Dissonance 8:08

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In which John relates a condensed history of India, post-Indus Valley Civilization. John explores Hinduism and the origins of Buddhism. He also gets into the reign of Ashoka, the Buddhist emperor who, in spite of Buddhism's structural disapproval of violence, managed to win a bunch of battles.

Resources:

Awesome comic book about Ashoka by Anant Pai: http://dft.ba/-ashoka He did a huge series of comics about Indian history and religion: http://dft.ba/-AnantPai

India: A History by John Keay: http://dft.ba/-IndiaHistory

The Bhagavad Gita: http://dft.ba/-gita

The Bhagavad Gita, Upanishads, and Rig Veda, all-in-one edition: http://dft.ba/-India

Credits:

Executive Producer: John Green
Producer: Stan Muller
Writer and historian: Raoul Meyer
Script Supervisor: Danica Johnson
Music: Jason Weidner

Thought Bubble is a product of the Smart Bubble Society: http://dft.ba/-smartbubble
the Smart Bubble Society is:
Suzanna Brusikiewicz
Jonathon Corbiere
Nick Counter
Allan Levy
James Tuer
Adam Winnik

Set Design: Donna Sink
Props: Brian McCutcheon

Photos:

David Shankbone

ClipWorks

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In which Craig Benzine teaches you about the United States Congress, and why it's bicameral, and what bicameral means. Craig tells you what the Senate and House of Representatives are for, some of the history of the institutions, and reveal to you just how you can become a representative. It's not that easy. But an eagle gets punched, so there's that.

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Today we’re talking about our galactic neighborhood: The Milky Way. It’s a disk galaxy, a collection of dust, gas, and hundreds of billions of stars, with the Sun located about halfway out from the center. The disk has grand spiral patterns in it, formed by the traffic jams of stars and nebulae, where stars are born. The central region is shaped like a bar, and is mostly old, red stars. There’s also a halo surrounding us of old stars.

Crash Course Astronomy Poster: http://store.dftba.com/product....s/crashcourse-astron

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Table of Contents
Milky Way Is A Disc 2:54
Grand Spiral Patterns 4:21
The Central Region Is Bar Shaped 7:48
Outer Halo Of Old Stars 9:09

--

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--

PHOTOS/VIDEOS
Milky Way, Artist’s Drawing http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pa....ges/spitzer/multimed [credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech]
Joshua Tree http://deepskycolors.com/astro..../2013/04/2013-04_Jos [credit: Rogelio Bernal Andreo]
Milky Way Center Region Mosaic http://sguisard.astrosurf.com/Pagim/GC.html [credit: ESO]
New Hubble image of star cluster Messier 15 http://www.spacetelescope.org/images/heic1321a/ [credit: NASA, ESA]
Artist’s impression of the Milky Way http://www.spacetelescope.org/....videos/hubblecast70b [credit: ESA/Hubble and M. Kornmesser]
M83 (Hubble Only and Hubble-Subaru-ESO Composite) http://www.robgendlerastropics.....com/M83-New-HST.htm [credit: Robert Gendler, 8.2 Meter Subaru Telescope (NAOJ), European Southern Observatories, Hubble Legacy Archive]
Hubble's Largest Galaxy Portrait Offers a New High-Definition View http://hubblesite.org/newscent....er/archive/releases/ [credit: NASA, ESA, K. Kuntz (JHU), F. Bresolin (University of Hawaii), J. Trauger (Jet Propulsion Lab), J. Mould (NOAO), Y.-H. Chu (University of Illinois, Urbana), and STScI]
NGC 3344 http://skycenter.arizona.edu/g....allery/Galaxies/NGC3 [credit: Adam Block/Mount Lemmon SkyCenter/University of Arizona]
Annotated Milky Way http://www.jpl.nasa.gov/images..../wise/20150603/spitz [credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech]
Black hole with corona, X-ray source (artist's concept) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/....Black_hole#/media/Fi [credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech]
A Galaxy and its Halo http://www.esa.int/spaceinimag....es/Images/2008/06/A_ [credit: ESA (image by C. Carreau)]
How to Become a Star http://www.eso.org/public/images/eso0102a/ [credit: ESO]

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In which John Green teaches you about the Vereenigde Oostindische Compagnie, doing business as the VOC, also known as the Dutch East India Company. In the 16th and 17th centuries, the Dutch managed to dominate world trade, and they did all through the pioneering use of corporations and finance. Well, they did also use some traditional methods like violently enforced monopolies, unfair trade agreements, and plain old warfare. You'll learn how the Dutch invented stuff like joint stock corporations, maritime insurance, and futures trading. Basically, how the Dutch East India Company crashed the US economy in 2008. I'm kidding. Or am I?

Citation 1: William J. Bernstein, A Splendid Exchange: How Trade Shaped the World. Grove Press. 2008. p. 218
Citation 2: Stephen R. Bown. Merchant Kings: When Companies Ruled the World, 1600-1900. New York. St. Martin’s Press. 2009. p. 28
Citation 3: Bernstein p. 223
Citation 4: Bernstein p. 228
Citation 5: Bown p. 53

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