Which weight hits the ground first - the free weight or the weight attached to the chain?

Five cool physics tricks, but how do they work?
Explanations: http://youtu.be/jIMihpDmBpY
Check out Audible.com: http://bit.ly/AudibleVe
Leave your ideas in the comments below or subscribe for the answers next week.

Chris Hadfield in AUS: http://sciencealert.com.au/spaceoddity/
All tickets now sold out.

The Cane Balance:
Slide your fingers in from the ends of a horizontal cane to find its centre of mass.

Shot and Edited by Pierce Cook at the YouTube Space LA.

Music by Amarante: http://bit.ly/VeAmarante

Longyearbyen on Svalbard is the northernmost settlement with over 1000 residents
My trip to Norway was funded by Screen Australia, Film Victoria and Genepool Productions as part of a new project. More information soon.

More info on Svalbard: http://wke.lt/w/s/yiYNC

Music licensed from www.cuesongs.com "After Catalunya"
Spotify page: https://play.spotify.com/artis....t/2JnQ2AxkaRjlGCNmfk
iTunes: https://itunes.apple.com/gb/ar....tist/emphemetry/id41

Captions:
Come take a walk with me around Longyearbyen, the largest town on the Norwegian islands of Svalbard.

Parts of it look familiar, but make no mistake, this place is different.

At 78 degrees North, it lies just 800 miles or 1300 kilometres from the North Pole. And with over 2,000 permanent inhabitants it is the Northernmost real town on Earth.

There are only 50km of road, including the small streets between houses, so people get around the island mainly on snowmobile.

In fact there are more registered snowmobiles than residents.

Anyone leaving town is required to travel with a gun and someone who knows how to use it because the islands are also home to polar bears.

The average daytime high is below freezing for all but four months of the year, and from the end of October to mid-February the sun doesn’t rise at all. This is the long polar night.

Living here is tough. This past December an avalanche in town destroyed 10 homes, which used to be here, killing two people.

So how did this cold, remote, ice-covered archipelago come to be inhabited?

The hills around town are rich in coal deposits that have been mined for over 100 years.

The coal was transported to the port via a series of aerial tramways some of which remain today, though they are no longer operational.

Coal is a reminder that Svalbard was not always an Arctic ice world. 360 million years ago it was actually in the tropics North of the equator. A swampy area, it was covered with the precursors to modern ferns, which were much larger than they are today, reaching 10-30 metres in height.

This vegetation was then covered in mud and sand and submerged under the sea. Over time it turned into the coal deposits that in the 20th century brought miners from Norway, Russia, and the US.

Most of the coal mines have now closed and the economy is gradually shifting towards tourism, education and research.

Tourists take trips on snowmobiles and dog sleds.

There is a university centre in Svalbard, which offers semester courses in biology, physics and geology.

And up on the side of a mountain is the Svalbard Global seed vault… but that’s a story for another time.

The locals tell me that interest in the region from different nations is increasing.

As the globe warms and Arctic ice shrinks, trade routes are opening up across the North. And Svalbard is strategically placed between North America, Asia and Europe.

One day in the future Svalbard may no longer be as cold or remote as it once was.

But for now it is a reminder of how through our ingenuity people can live in the most inhospitable of places.

Shot with a DJI Phantom 4 drone

Spinning objects have strange instabilities known as The Dzhanibekov Effect or Tennis Racket Theorem - this video offers an intuitive explanation.
Part of this video was sponsored by LastPass, click here to find out more: https://ve42.co/LP

References:
Prof. Terry Tao's Math Overflow Explanation: https://ve42.co/Tao

The Twisting Tennis Racket
Ashbaugh, M.S., Chicone, C.C. & Cushman, R.H. J Dyn Diff Equat (1991) 3: 67. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01049489

Janibekov’s effect and the laws of mechanics
Petrov, A.G. & Volodin, S.E. Dokl. Phys. (2013) 58: 349. https://doi.org/10.1134/S1028335813080041

Tumbling Asteroids
Prave et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.icarus.2004.07.021

The Exact Computation of the Free Rigid Body Motion and Its Use in Splitting Methods
SIAM J. Sci. Comput., 30(4), 2084–2112
E. Celledoni, F. Fassò, N. Säfström, and A. Zanna
https://doi.org/10.1137/070704393

Animations by Iván Tello and Isaac Frame

Special thanks to people who discussed this video with me:
Astronaut Don Pettit
Henry Reich of MinutePhysics
Grant Sanderson of 3blue1brown
Vert Dider (Russian YouTube channel)

Below is a further discussion by Henry Reich that I think helps summarize why axes 1 and 3 are generally stable while axis 2 is not:

In general, you might imagine that because the object can rotate in a bunch of different directions, the components of energy and momentum could be free to change while keeping the total momentum constant.

However, in the case of axis 1, the kinetic energy is the highest possible for a given angular momentum, and in the case of axis 3, the kinetic energy is the lowest possible for a given angular momentum (which can be easily shown from conservation of energy and momentum equations, and is also fairly intuitive from the fact that kinetic energy is proportional to velocity squared, while momentum is proportional to velocity - so in the case of axis 1, the smaller masses will have to be spinning faster for a given momentum, and will thus have more energy, and vice versa for axis 3 where all the masses are spinning: the energy will be lowest). In fact, this is a strict inequality - if the energy is highest possible, there are no other possible combinations of momenta other than L2=L3=0, and vice versa for if the energy is the lowest possible.

Because of this, in the case of axis 1 the energy is so high that there simply aren't any other possible combinations of angular momentum components L1, L2 and L3 - the object would have to lose energy in order to spin differently. And in the case of axis 3, the energy is so low that there likewise is no way for the object to be rotating other than purely around axis 3 - it would have to gain energy. However, there's no such constraint for axis 2, since the energy is somewhere in between the min and max possible. This, together with the centrifugal effects, means that the components of momentum DO change.

Apollo astronauts trained in nuclear bomb craters at the Nevada National Security Site. But why?Thanks Audible! Start listening with a 30-day trial and your first audiobook plus two Audible Originals free when you go to http://audible.com/veritasium or text veritasium to 500500

I found this story fascinating because in a way a nuclear bomb crater is more like a meteorite impact site than an impact site itself. Consider: Barringer Crater was claimed to be a meteorite impact site but geologists dismissed it as a volcanic formation. It was only after studying nuclear bomb craters and the minerals found there that geologists concluded the energy and pressures that created Barringer Crater were too high to be from volcanic activity and therefore must have formed from a meteorite impact.

Special Thanks to:
Nevada National Security Site
The National Atomic Testing Museum
Jonny Hyman and Verse: https://youtu.be/7bUUGzi-AAY
Active Galactic for footage of craters in Arizona: https://youtu.be/yhoooBpndog

Special thanks to Patreon supporters:
a human, Alfred Wallace, Arjun Chakroborty, Brent Stewart, Bryan Baker, Chris Vargas, Chuck Lauer Vose, Clip Tree, Coale Shifflett, Colin Bellmore, DALE HORNE, Daniel Milum, Donal Botkin, Eric Velazquez, Illya Nayshevsky, James Knight, James Wong, Jasper Xin, Joar Wandborg, Johnny, June Kang, Kevin Beavers, kkm, Leah Howard, Listen Money Matters, Lyvann Ferrusca, Manuel Zürcher, Mathias Göransson, Michael Bradley Wirz, Michael Krugman, Mohammed Al Sahaf, OddJosh, Philipp Volgger, Pindex, Roberto Rezende, Robin DeBank, Ron Neal, Sam Lutfi, Stan Presolski, Tige Thorman, Warrior8252

Filmed by Raquel Nuno
Story and Editing by Derek Muller and Jonny Hyman
Music and Animation by Jonny Hyman
Produced by Casey Rentz

What happens when a super long slinky is dropped?

If you spin a raw egg and then stop it, it will start spinning again without you having to touch it. A boiled egg, on the other hand, stops and stays stopped. Why is this? Well a raw egg contains a yolk that moves inside the egg independently of the shell. If you stop the shell, the yolk inside continues to move due to its inertia and it therefore gets the egg spinning again.

1, 2, 3 A song about 'lectricity
because it powers our lives
makes it possible for us to thrive

because it powers our lives
makes it possible for us to thrive

Oh, 4, 5, 6, volts of potential difference
makes electrons go round
if the circuit is complete and sound

Circuit's closed
Voltage There
Current Flows
Power Everywhere

We use AC,
in factories
and homes because we can transform it
High voltage
transmits with lower loss
but low voltage is best for safety
I said what is electricity?

Well, so 1,2,3 a song about 'lectricty
because it powers our lives
makes it possible for us to thrive

because it powers our lives
makes it possible for us to thrive

Oh, 4,5,6 volts of potential difference
makes electrons go round if the circuit is complete and sound

Heat makes steam
turns turbines
and a magnet in
coils of wires

We use AC,
in factories
and homes because we can transform it
High voltage
transmits with lower loss
but low voltage is best for safety
I said what is electricity?

Oh yeah, Oh yeah, C'mon!
How'd it be
no energy
of the electrical persuasion
I know we'd
have no computers
no internet or mobile phones yeah
Powers the world
Makes the world
We need electricity yeah

Evidence Facebook's revenue is based on fake likes.
My first vid on the problem with Facebook: http://bit.ly/1dXudqY
I know first-hand that Facebook's advertising model is deeply flawed. When I paid to promote my page I gained 80,000 followers in developing countries who didn't care about Veritasium (but I wasn't aware of this at the time). They drove my reach and engagement numbers down, basically rendering the page useless. I am not the only one who has experienced this. Rory Cellan-Jones had the same luck with Virtual Bagel: http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/technology-18819338

The US Department of State spent $630,000 to acquire 2 million page likes and then realized only 2% were engaged. http://wapo.st/1glcyZo

I thought I would demonstrate that the same thing is still happening now by creating Virtual Cat (http://www.facebook.com/MyVirtualCat). I was surprised to discover something worse - false likes are coming from everywhere, including Canada, the US, the UK, and Australia. So even those carefully targeting their campaigns are likely being duped into spending real money on fake followers. Then when they try to reach their followers they have to pay again.

And it's possible to be a victim of fake likes without even advertising. Pages that end up on Facebook's "International Suggested Pages" are also easy targets for click-farms seeking to diversify their likes. http://tnw.co/NsflrC

Thanks to Henry, Grey, and Nessy for feedback on earlier drafts of this video.

Veritasium is a channel of science and engineering videos featuring experiments, expert interviews, cool demos, and discussions with the public about everything science.
Clips featured in this video:
Trees are Freaking Awesome - http://bit.ly/TFilQ8
Gyroscopic Precession - http://bit.ly/U4e8HQ
Can We Go The Speed of Light? (Principle of Relativity) - http://bit.ly/X1BlXZ
Where Does The Sun Get Its Energy? - http://bit.ly/125jbeM
Where Do Trees Get Their Mass? - http://bit.ly/11AA817
What Is A Candle Flame Made Of? - http://bit.ly/Q3enCb
Levitating Barbecue (Electromagnetic Induction) - http://bit.ly/SWgOWh
Imploding Drum - http://bit.ly/125jG8B
Microwave Grape Plasma - http://bit.ly/QkCwUt
Spinning Tube Trick - http://bit.ly/Va43Z6
Spinning Disk Trick - http://bit.ly/14MSKsT
Why Do You Make People Look Stupid? - http://bit.ly/12Fmlpl
Awesome HD Slinky Slow-Mo - http://bit.ly/TRa4sE
Subscribe to Veritasium - http://bit.ly/YSWpWm

Tiny robots activated by magnetic fields may be used in future biomedical procedures. Start listening to Audible with a 30-day trial and your first audiobook, plus two Audible Originals free when you go to http://audible.com/veritasium or text veritasium to 500500

Huge thanks to:
Dr. Eric Diller, Assistant Professor of Mechanical Engineering at the University of Toronto
http://microrobotics.mie.utoronto.ca

Research Referenced in this video:

T. Xu, J. Zhang, M. Salehizadeh, O. Onaizah and E. Diller, Millimeter-scale flexible robots with programmable three-dimensional magnetization and motions. Science Robotics. 4, eaav4494 (2019).
http://robotics.sciencemag.org..../lookup/doi/10.1126/

H. Xie, M. Sun, X. Fan, Z. Lin, W. Chen, L. Wang, L. Dong, and Q. He, Reconfigurable magnetic microrobot swarm: Multimode transformation, locomotion, and manipulation. Science Robotics. 4, eaav8006 (2019).
http://robotics.sciencemag.org..../lookup/doi/10.1126/

G. Hwang, A. J. Paula, E. E. Hunter, Y. Liu, A. Babeer, B. Karabucak, K Stebe, V. Kumar, E. Steager, and H. Koo, Catalytic antimicrobial robots for biofilm eradication. Science Robotics. 4, eeaw2388 (2019).
http://robotics.sciencemag.org..../lookup/doi/10.1126/

Special thanks to Patreon supporters:
Donal Botkin, Michael Krugman, Ron Neal, Stan Presolski, Terrance Shepherd, Penward Rhyme

Music by Kevin MacLeod http://incompetech.com "Marty Gots a Plan" "March of the Spoons"

Congratulations, the acceleration of the bungy jump is greatest at the jumper's lowest point. This is because the bungy is now stretched to its maximum, meaning if applies a force up on the jumper more than twice his weight. This means he accelerates up at a greater rate than the acceleration down when he left the platform.

Newton's Three Laws of Motion are a landmark achievement in physics. They describe how all objects move. Unfortunately most people do not really understand Newton's Laws because they have pre-existing ideas about the way the world works. This film is about those pre-existing ideas. By recognizing what people are thinking, it becomes easier to describe the correct scientific concepts of Newton's Three Laws and how they differ from this 'intuitive physics'.

Electric cars are now ready to take over thanks to advances in battery technology and their inherent benefits: torque, handling, maintenance. This video was sponsored by BMW: https://www.bmwusa.com/

Full disclosure: I drive an #electric #car. I think electric cars are the future, not mainly because they're better for the environment (which they are if you drive the car for any reasonable length of time) but because they are just better cars. The have better torque and acceleration, better handling, they're more efficient, quieter, they don't smell, they're cheaper to run and best of all you never have to visit a gas station - this appeals to me. I never have to worry about being low on gas because every morning my car is charged and ready to go - just like my phone and laptop. And if you're worried about range, don't. Almost all trips can already be done in an electric car with modest battery pack. And fast chargers along the way make it possible to do longer road trips if necessary. You have to make rest stops anyway, just time them with the charging. And consider that battery tech is getting dramatically cheaper, smaller, lighter. All these reasons are why I see the #future of cars as electric.

Writing & Research
Derek Muller
Jonny Hyman
Matthew Shribman https://ve42.co/sciencebath

Editing, Animation, Audio, & Music:
Jonny Hyman

Camerawork:
Raquel Nuno
Jonny Hyman

1890s Music "National fantasie" by William Paris Chambers, archived in Library of Congress
#BMWUSA #NEXTGen #BMWPartner #ad

http://www.youtube.com/spacelab gives you an opportunity to design an experiment to be performed in space! If you're between the ages of 14-18, make a 2 minute youtube video proposing an experiment to be performed in zero g. Your video will be assessed by a panel of experts with the winner having their experiment performed in space and broadcast live to the world.

Three space travelers including record-setting astronaut Christina Koch return home from the International Space Station.

Christina Koch wrapped up a 328-day extended mission on her first spaceflight, having spent more time in space on a single mission than any other woman. Koch, along with station Commander Luca Parmitano of ESA (European Space Agency), and Soyuz commander Alexander Skvortsov of the Russian space agency Roscosmos departed the station in a Soyuz spacecraft that made a parachute-assisted landing at 4:12 a.m. EST southeast of Dzhezkazgan, Kazakhstan.

Koch's extended mission will provide researchers the opportunity to observe effects of long-duration spaceflight on a woman, as we prepare for Artemis missions to the Moon and human exploration of Mars.

How do we study black holes if we can’t even see them? Could a black hole “eat” an entire galaxy? What would happen if you fell into a black hole? Join experts on #NASAScience Live as we take a journey to explore these mysterious objects that can be found all over the universe.

This is a song that's always spoken to my heart. As there doesn't appear to be any "official" English version, I've taken some liberty with the lyrics in my translation. Hope you enjoy.

Hermosa Versión, Nuestro Salvador, Que Seria De Nosotros Sino Fuera Por El.

"Airaos, pero no pequéis; no se ponga el sol sobre vuestro enojo." Efesios 4:26

PARA PETICIONES DE ORACIÓN MANDAR CORREO CON SU NOMBRE A

SALMOVEINTETRES@GMAIL.COM

Aunque mis ojos, no te pueden ver
Te puedo sentir, sé que estás aquí
Aunque mis manos, no pueden tocar
Tu rostro Señor, sé que estás aquí.

Coro:
Mi corazón puede sentir Tu presencia
Tú estás aquí, Tú estás aquí
Puedo sentir Tu majestad
Tú estás aquí, Tú estás aquí

Mi corazón puede mirar Tu hermosura
Tú estás aquí, Tú estás aquí
Puedo sentir Tu gran amor
//Tú estás aquí, Tú estás aquí//