In which John Green examines the French Revolution, and gets into how and why it differed from the American Revolution. Was it the serial authoritarian regimes? The guillotine? The Reign of Terror? All of this and more contributed to the French Revolution not being quite as revolutionary as it could have been. France endured multiple constitutions, the heads of heads of state literally rolled, and then they ended up with a megalomaniacal little emperor by the name of Napoleon. But how did all of this change the world, and how did it lead to other, more successful revolutions around the world? Watch this video and find out. Spoiler alert: Marie Antoinette never said, "Let them eat cake." Sorry.

Crash Course World History is now available on DVD! http://store.dftba.com/product....s/crashcourse-world-

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Thermidor (which is this month) is Revolutions month on Crash Course!

The American Revolution: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HlUiSBXQHCw

Coming soon:

#30 - Haitian Revolution
#31 - Latin American Revolutions
#32 - Industrial Revolution

Support Crash Course on Patreon: http://patreon.com/crashcourse

Hank describes mitosis and cytokinesis - the series of processes our cells go through to divide into two identical copies.

Crash Course Biology is now available on DVD! http://dftba.com/product/1av/C....rashCourse-Biology-T

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References for this video can be found in the Google document here: http://dft.ba/-2rVV

Table of Contents
1. Mitosis 0:24
2. Interphase 3:27
a) Chromatin 3:37
b) Centrosomes 3:52
3) Prophase 4:14
a) Chromosomes 4:18
b) Chromatid 4:31
c) Microtubules 5:07
4) Metaphase 5:22
a) Motor Proteins 5:36
5) Biolography 6:13
6) Anaphase 9:00
7) Telophase 9:15
8) Cleavage 9:25
9) Cytokinesis 9:36

This video contains the following sounds from Freesound.org:
"Swishes.wav" by Pogotron
"Opening Scotch Whisky.mp3" by Percy Duke

crashcourse, biology, mitosis, cell biology, cell division, cell, replication, splitting, chromosome, diploid cells, nucleus, DNA, prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase, interphase, chromatin, chromatid, centrosome duplication, centromere, microtubules, motor protein, walter flemming, tomomi kiyomitsu, dynein, cleavage, cytokinesis, daughter cells, science, education, college, university, learn, teach, hank green Support CrashCourse on Subbable: http://subbable.com/crashcourse

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Do you want to help me translating it into your language?
(Note: First check if it hasn´t been translated already by pressing the "CC" button on the lower part of the video).
All you need to do is to please go to the following link and translate. Thank you!:
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If you would like to invest in a drawing, painting or sculpture by Leonardo Pereznieto, or to hire him for workshops or lectures, please write to: info@artistleonardo.com (Business only, not for personal messages.)

List of materials:

Watercolor set Schmincke
Watercolor round brushes: N.000, n.6, n.22
Watercolor 1 inch flat brush
Mechanical pencil with 0.7mm, B lead
Arches watercolor paper, hot press, 140 lbs
Tissue paper
Ruler

If you would like to see photos and brands of my watercolor tools, please go to my blog about materials with the following link:

http://www.fineartebooks.com/h....owtodraw_drawingscho

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My VK: http://vk.com/leonardopereznieto

My website Leonardo Pereznieto: http://www.leonardopereznieto.com/leo/Intro.html

I wish you great creations!

Audio file(s) provided by http://www.audiomicro.com

This tutorial shows How to Paint a Waterscape Sunset in Watercolor - Sea - Ocean - Lake - Water

Visit my FB Gallery: https://www.facebook.com/LeonardoPereznieto
Visit my website: http://www.artistleonardo.com/
Visit: http://www.fineartebooks.com/ for free drawing tutorials.

If you would like to invest in a drawing, painting or sculpture by Leonardo Pereznieto, please write to: info@leonardopereznieto.com

List of materials:

Watercolor set Schminke
Lead holder with 2B lead
Fabriano watercolor paper, fine gran
Natural brushes of various sizes

You may also follow me on:

My Blog: http://www.fineartebooks.com/howtodraw_drawingschool/My_Blog/My_Blog.html

Twitter: https://twitter.com/#!/ArtistLeonardo

LinkedIn: http://www.linkedin.com/profile/view?id=89957576&trk=tab_pro

Google+: https://plus.google.com/u/0/10....0373866809472929876/

VK: http://vk.com/leonardopereznieto

Leonardo Pereznieto: http://www.leonardopereznieto.com/leo/Intro.html

This tutorial shows how to paint a waterscape in watercolor.

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My website: http://www.ArtistLeonardo.com/

Do you want to help me translating it into your language?
(Note: First check if it hasn´t been translated already by pressing the "CC" button on the lower part of the video).
To translate the title of the video and the subtitles, all you need to do is to please go to the following link and translate (you don't necessarily need to do the whole thing, you can do a section and other people in the community can finish it). Thank you!:
http://www.youtube.com/timedtext_video?v=s72RpWJjfgg&ref=share

If you would like to invest in a drawing, painting or sculpture by Leonardo Pereznieto, or to hire him for workshops or lectures, please write to: info@leopereznieto.com (Business only, not for personal messages.)

List of materials:

- Pilot Drawing Pen - See it here: http://amzn.to/2oZzmeu
- Fabriano Ecowhite Drawing Pad 11.7X16.5 Inches - See it here: http://amzn.to/2krS9xp


Recording Equipment:

Video camera: Panasonic HC-V380K - http://amzn.to/2xJwVmb

“L” shaped camera tripod - http://amzn.to/2xKUcnX

Mic: Blue Jeti - http://amzn.to/2gnwxCp
Pop filter (Mic screen) - http://amzn.to/2ysgn0T
Mic Foam Windacreen - http://amzn.to/2zeiYc8

- Lighting: Studio soft boxes: http://amzn.to/2xKSxhW

Laptop: Apple MacBookPro 13”. Mine is an older version of this beauty: http://amzn.to/2xKzHHL (note, the software I use for editing is Final Cut.)

Some of the above links are affiliate links.

If you would like to see photos and brands of my tools, please go to my blog about materials with the following link:

http://fineart-tips.blogspot.m....x/2015/07/my-drawing


Download Fine Art-Tips mobile app:

On the Apple Store:

For iPhone/iPad free: https://itunes.apple.com/us/ap....p/fine-art-tips-draw

For iPhone/iPad, Premium: https://itunes.apple.com/us/ap....p/fine-art-tips-prem

On Google Play:

For Android free: https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=allmax.fine.art.tips.free2&hl=en

For Android, Premium: https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=allmax.fine.art.tips2&hl=en

You may also follow me on:

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My website: http://www.artistleonardo.com/

I wish you great creations!

Audio file(s) provided by http://www.audiomicro.com

This tutorial shows The Best Exercise to Improve Your Drawing Skills

Visit me on FB: https://www.facebook.com/LeonardoPereznieto
Follow Fine Art Tips on Google+: http://goo.gl/TqsmiJ
My website: http://www.ArtistLeonardo.com/

Do you want to help me translating it into your language?
(Note: First check if it hasn´t been translated already by pressing the "CC" button on the lower part of the video).
All you need to do is to please go to the following link and translate. Thank you!:
http://www.youtube.com/timedte....xt_video?v=GKSm8pKzY

If you would like to invest in a drawing, painting or sculpture by Leonardo Pereznieto, or to hire him for workshops or lectures, please write to: info@artistleonardo.com (Business only, not for personal messages.)

List of materials:

Schmincke watercolor set - See it here: http://amzn.to/2jZ0GXI
Watercolor round brushes: 00, 2, 10, 22
Archess water-colour paper -
A wooden rod

If you would like to see photos and brands of my tools, please go to my blog about materials with the following link:

http://www.fineartebooks.com/h....owtodraw_drawingscho

You may also follow me on:

My Blog: http://www.fineartebooks.com/h....owtodraw_drawingscho

My Twitter: https://twitter.com/#!/ArtistLeonardo

Fine Art Tips on Google+: http://goo.gl/TqsmiJ

My Google+ page as an artist (with my sculptures, paintings, etc): http://goo.gl/n7p96D

My Instagram: http://instagram.com/artistleonardo

My LinkedIn: http://www.linkedin.com/profile/view?id=89957576&trk=tab_pro

My Vine: https://vine.co/v/hKnn3rbwJmT

My Pinterest: http://pinterest.com/ArtistLeonardo/

My VK: http://vk.com/leonardopereznieto

My website Leonardo Pereznieto: http://www.leonardopereznieto.com/leo/Intro.html

I wish you great creations!

Audio file(s) provided by http://www.audiomicro.com

This tutorial shows How to Paint a Cherry Tree in Watercolor - Painting Trees - Paint a Tree - Sakura

In this video I’m showing the process of working on an oil painting titled "Soft morning color" - 50 x 60 cm (19.7 x 23.6 inches)

REAL-TIME PAINTING VIDEOS, TUTORIALS and other helpful materials ▶ https://www.patreon.com/dariacallie

▷ For prints and original paintings please visit https://dariacallie.com/store/


CONNECT WITH ME:
Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/dariacallie/
Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/DariaCallieArt/
Website: https://www.dariacallie.com/

Materials used:

• Oil paints - Nevskaya palitra (russian brand)
Colors: Burnt umber, Cadmium Yellow, Ultramarine Blue, Cadmium Red and Titanium White.
In addition I have a couple of colors that I use sometimes: Ivory Black, Celestial Blue and Cobalt Violet Deep.
• Primed linen canvas (from a local art-store)
• Paint thinner (odorless mineral spirits)
• Medium (stand linseed oil)
• Brushes - Detail brushes & Filbert synthetic brushes of different sizes
• Glass palette (homemade)
• Palette knife (from a local art-store)
• Paper towels (or tissues that I use to wipe the brushes)

Music: Paperchaser “Better left unsaid”
https://soundcloud.com/paperchaser-music

In this painting demo I’ll show how I paint a bunny with oils.

REAL-TIME PAINTING VIDEOS, TUTORIALS and other helpful materials ▶ https://www.patreon.com/dariacallie

▷ For prints and original paintings please visit https://dariacallie.com/store/



CONNECT WITH ME:
Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/dariacallie/
Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/DariaCallieArt/
Website: https://www.dariacallie.com/


Materials used:
• Oil paints - "Nevskaya palitra"
Colors: Burnt Umber, Cadmium Yellow Pale, Ultramarine Blue, Cadmium Red and Titanium White, Ivory Black.
• Primed 280gsm paper
• Paint thinner (odorless mineral spirits)
• Medium (stand linseed oil)
• Brushes - Detail brushes & Filbert synthetic brushes of different sizes
• Glass palette (homemade)
• Palette knife (from a local art-store)
• Paper towels (or tissues that I use to wipe the brushes)


Music: “We left the place (post-rock)” by Mindthings
https://soundcloud.com/mindthi....ngs/we-left-the-plac

In this video I’m painting a portrait with oils, 12 x 12 inches.

REAL-TIME PAINTING VIDEOS, TUTORIALS and other helpful materials ▶ https://www.patreon.com/dariacallie/overview


Commissions: closed.

CONNECT WITH ME:
Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/dariacallie/
Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/DariaCallieArt/
Website: https://www.dariacallie.com/


Materials used:
• Oil paints - "Nevskaya palitra"
• Primed linen canvas
• Paint thinner (odorless mineral spirits)
• Medium (stand linseed oil)
• Brushes - round detail brushes in sizes 1, 0 and 00; and synthetic filbert brushes in different sizes.
• Glass palette (homemade)
• Palette knife (from a local art-store)
• Paper towels (or tissues that I use to wipe the brushes)


Music: “All Of A Sudden” by Joachim Heinrich
https://soundcloud.com/joachimheinrich

In this painting demo I show how I paint an eye with oils.

REAL-TIME PAINTING VIDEOS, TUTORIALS and other helpful materials ▶ https://www.patreon.com/dariacallie

Reference Photo: https://www.dropbox.com/s/szwx....5vymzudskay/Referenc


▷ For prints and original paintings please visit https://dariacallie.com/store/

CONNECT WITH ME:
Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/dariacallie/
Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/DariaCallieArt/
Website: http://www.dariacallie.com/


Materials used:

• Oil paints - Gamblin Oil Colors and Nevskaya palitra (russian brand)
Colors: Burnt umber, Cadmium Yellow, Ultramarine Blue, Cadmium Red and Titanium White.
(I have a color-mixing video where I explain how I premix my palette - https://youtu.be/kKT1gXBC_L4 )
In addition I have a couple of colors that I use sometimes: Ivory Black, Celestial Blue and Cobalt Violet Deep.
• Acrylic primer
• Paper 30 x 30 cm (12 x 12 inches) 280gsm
• Paint thinner (odorless mineral spirits)
• Medium (stand linseed oil)
• Brushes - Detail brushes & Filbert synthetic brushes of different sizes
• Glass palettes (homemade)
• Palette knife (from a local art-store)
• Paper towels (or tissues that I use to wipe the brushes)


Music: “re:MEMORY” by A. Taylor
https://soundcloud.com/a-taylor

In this video I’m showing the process of working on an oil painting titled “Intuition” - 30 x 30 cm (12 x 12 inches)


CONNECT WITH ME:
Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/dariacallie/
Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/DariaCallieArt/
Website: http://www.dariacallie.com/


* Jukin Media Verified *
Find this video and others like it by visiting https://www.jukinmedia.com/licensing/view/966827
For licensing / permission to use, please email licensing(at)jukinmedia(dot)com.


Materials used:

• Oil paints - Gamblin Oil Colors and Nevskaya palitra (russian brand)
Colors: Burnt umber, Cadmium Yellow, Ultramarine Blue, Red and Titanium White. (I have a color-mixing video where I explain how I premix my palette) In addition I have a couple of colors that I use very rarely: Ivory Black, Celestial Blue and Cobalt Violet Deep.
• Primed linen canvas (from a local art-store)
• Paint thinner (odorless mineral spirits)
• Medium (stand linseed oil)
• Brushes - Detail brushes & Filbert synthetic brushes of different sizes
• Glass palette (homemade)
• Palette knife (from a local art-store)
• Varnish
• Paper towels (or tissues that I use to wipe the brushes)


Music: Walking On A Dream (Empire of the Sun cover) by Kongsingwei
Music License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/

In this painting demo I’ll show how I paint a portrait with oils.
Oil on canvas, 30 x 30 cm (~12 x 12 inches)

REAL-TIME PAINTING VIDEOS, TUTORIALS and other helpful materials ▶ https://www.patreon.com/dariacallie

▷ For prints and original paintings please visit https://dariacallie.com/store/

CONNECT WITH ME:
Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/dariacallie/
Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/DariaCallieArt/
Website: http://www.dariacallie.com/


Materials used:

• Oil paints - Gamblin Oil Colors and Nevskaya palitra (russian brand)
Colors: Burnt umber, Cadmium Yellow, Ultramarine Blue, Red and Titanium White. (I have a color-mixing video where I explain how I premix my palette) In addition I have a couple of colors that I use very rarely: Ivory Black, Celestial Blue and Cobalt Violet Deep.
• Primed linen canvas (from a local art-store)
• Paint thinner (odorless mineral spirits)
• Medium (stand linseed oil)
• Brushes - Detail brushes & Filbert synthetic brushes of different sizes
• Glass palette (homemade)
• Palette knife (from a local art-store)
• Varnish
• Paper towels (or tissues that I use to wipe the brushes)


Music: The Next Step - Classical guitar instrumental by The Tinkerbell Effect
SoundCloud: https://soundcloud.com/thetink....erbelleffect/the-nex
Music License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/

Music: Acoustic/Pop/Rock/Alternative - Acoustically driven instrumental by Hyde
SoundCloud: https://soundcloud.com/davidhy....demusic/acoustic-pop
Music License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/

Viewers like you help make PBS (Thank you

Viewers like you help make PBS (Thank you

Viewers like you help make PBS (Thank you

Viewers like you help make PBS (Thank you

Viewers like you help make PBS (Thank you

Check out Two Cents: https://www.youtube.com/channe....l/UCL8w_A8p8P1HWI3k6

Due to an odd quirk of genetics and some unique evolutionary circumstances, two humans who lived at different times in the distant past managed to pass on a very small fraction of their genomes to you. And to me. To all of us.

Produced in collaboration with PBS Digital Studios: http://youtube.com/pbsdigitalstudios

Super special thanks to the following Patreon patrons for helping make Eons possible:

Katie Fichtner, Aldo Espinosa Zúñiga, Anthony Callaghan, الخليفي سلطان, Gabriel Cortez, Marcus Lejon, Anel Salas, Robert Arévalo, Robert Hill, Kelby Reid, Todd Dittman, Betsy Radley, Svetlana Pylaeva, Colin Sylvester, Philip Slingerland, John Vanek, Jose Garcia, Noah offitzer, Eric Vonk, Tony Wamsley, Henrik Peteri, Jonathan Wright, Jon Monteiro, James Bording, Brad Nicholls, Miles Chaston, Michael McClellan, Jeff Graham, Maria Humphrey, Nathan Paskett, Connor Jensen, Sapjes, Daisuke Goto, Hubert Rady, Yuntao Zhou, Gregory Kintz, Tyson Cleary, Chandler Bass, Maly Lor, Joao Ascensao. Tsee Lee, Sarah Fritts, Ruben Winter, Ron Harvey Jr, Joshua Mitchell, Johnny Li, Jacob Gerke, Alex Yan

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References:
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/p....mc/articles/PMC33345
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/p....mc/articles/PMC32671
https://pdfs.semanticscholar.o....rg/f4ee/6bfac21f39ac
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/p....mc/articles/PMC58921
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/p....mc/articles/PMC40321
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/p....mc/articles/PMC55008
http://haplogroup-a.com/Ancient-Root-AJHG2013.pdf
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/p....mc/articles/PMC54183
http://ase.tufts.edu/chemistry..../hhmi/documents/Prot
http://pages.ucsd.edu/~dkjorda....n/resources/clarific
https://www.cell.com/action/sh....owPdf?pii=S0960-9822
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/p....mc/articles/PMC43679
https://www.cell.com/action/sh....owPdf?pii=S0002-9297
https://www.newscientist.com/a....rticle/mg22429904-50
https://www.smithsonianmag.com..../science-nature/no-m
https://www.nature.com/news/ge....netic-adam-and-eve-d
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/p....mc/articles/PMC55252
https://www.hhmi.org/biointera....ctive/evolution-y-ch
http://www.pnas.org/content/106/38/16018
https://www.nature.com/articles/jhg2012154
https://academic.oup.com/mbe/a....rticle/27/8/1833/988
https://www.nature.com/articles/325031a0
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/p....mc/articles/PMC26949
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/p....mc/articles/PMC43815
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28086175

Support us on Patreon! http://patreon.com/eons

The best evidence we have suggests that, while Caviomorpha originated in South America, they came from ancestors in Africa, over 40 million years ago. So how did they get there?

This episode was written by Genevieve Perdue.

Thanks to Ceri Thomas for the Josephoartigasia monesi reconstruction. Check out more of Ceri's paleoart at http://alphynix.tumblr.com and http://nixillustration.com

Produced in collaboration with PBS Digital Studios: http://youtube.com/pbsdigitalstudios

Super special thanks to the following Patreon patrons for helping make Eons possible:

Katie Fichtner, Aldo Espinosa Zúñiga, Anthony Callaghan, Esmeralda Rupp-Spangle, Gregory Donovan, Ehit Dinesh Agarwal, الخليفي سلطان, Gabriel Cortez, Marcus Lejon, Anel Salas, Robert Arévalo, Robert Hill, Kelby Reid, Todd Dittman, Betsy Radley, PS, Colin Sylvester, Philip Slingerland, John Vanek, Jose Garcia, Noah offitzer, Eric Vonk, Tony Wamsley, Henrik Peteri, Jonathan Wright, Jon Monteiro, James Bording, Brad Nicholls, Miles Chaston, Michael McClellan, Jeff Graham, Maria Humphrey, Nathan Paskett, Connor Jensen, Sapjes, Daisuke Goto, Hubert Rady, Yuntao Zhou, Gregory Kintz, Tyson Cleary, Chandler Bass, Maly Lor, Joao Ascensao, Tsee Lee, Sarah Fritts, Ruben Winter, Ron Harvey Jr, Jacob Gerke, Alex Yan

If you'd like to support the channel, head over to http://patreon.com/eons and pledge for some cool rewards!

Want to follow Eons elsewhere on the internet?
Facebook - https://www.facebook.com/eonsshow
Twitter - https://twitter.com/eonsshow
Instagram - https://www.instagram.com/eonsshow/

References:

https://academic.oup.com/bioli....nnean/article/121/4/
https://link.springer.com/arti....cle/10.1007/s11692-0
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21993503
https://www.sciencedirect.com/....science/article/pii/
http://rspb.royalsocietypublis....hing.org/content/275
https://www.researchgate.net/p....ublication/316684055
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.co....m/doi/abs/10.1002/ev
https://www.nature.com/articles/26886
https://journals.plos.org/plos....one/article?id=10.13
https://books.google.com/books..../about/Mammals_of_th
https://scinapse.io/papers/2167227626
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21238387
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.co....m/doi/abs/10.1002/jm
http://science.sciencemag.org/content/323/5915/732
https://www.nature.com/scitabl....e/topicpage/the-mole
https://link.springer.com/chap....ter/10.1007/978-1-46
https://www.jstor.org/stable/2999827
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10423268
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.co....m/doi/book/10.1002/9
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11476632
Lavocat, R. “La syste´matique des rongeurs hystricomorphes et la de´rive des continents.” Comptes Rendus de l'Académie des Sciences Series D 269 (1969).
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https://onlinelibrary.wiley.co....m/doi/full/10.1111/j
https://www.researchgate.net/p....ublication/256415173
https://www.researchgate.net/p....ublication/263582456
https://www.jstor.org/stable/2401146
Merali, Z., and B.J. Skinner. Visualizing Earth Science (2009). Hoboken: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
http://rspb.royalsocietypublis....hing.org/content/275
https://academic.oup.com/jmamm....al/article/91/1/11/8
Mones, A., and J. Ojasti. “Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris.” Mammalian Species 264(1986).
https://www.sciencedirect.com/....science/article/pii/
Morrison, M.L., Marcot, B.G., and R.W. Mannan. Wildlife-Habitat Relationships: Concepts and Applications, 3rd ed. (2006). Washington, D.C.: Island Press.
Nowak, R. M. Walker’s mammals of the world, 5th ed. (1991). Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press.
http://advances.sciencemag.org..../content/2/8/e160088
https://www.researchgate.net/p....ublication/299560709
https://scinapse.io/papers/184792926
Patton, J. L., Pardiñas, U. F. J., and G. D’Elía. Mammals of South America, Vol. 2, Rodents (2015). Chicago: The University of Chicago Press.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16551580
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