This episode on the Tully Monster is supported by Squarespace. If you visit squarespace.com and use offer code "eons", you'll get 10% off your first purchase.

There are animals in the fossil record that challenge some of our most basic ideas about what animals are supposed to look like. If there ever was a monster on this planet that was worthy of the name, it might have been the Tully Monster.

Produced in collaboration with PBS Digital Studios: http://youtube.com/pbsdigitalstudios

Image credits:
Banffia - Royal Ontario Museum, Jean-Bernard Caron: http://www.burgess-shale.rom.on.ca/

Thanks to Julio Lacerda and Studio 252mya for the Tully Monster illustration. You can find more of Julio's work here: https://252mya.com/gallery/julio-lacerda

Check out other PBS Digital Studios channels:
https://www.youtube.com/pbsinfiniteseries
https://www.youtube.com/grossscienceshow

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References:
http://news.yale.edu/2016/03/1....6/solving-mystery-tu
http://www.nature.com/nature/j....ournal/v532/n7600/ab
http://sitn.hms.harvard.edu/fl....ash/2016/enigmatic-t
https://blogs.scientificameric....an.com/laelaps/tully
https://www.sciencedaily.com/r....eleases/2017/02/1702
http://www.museum.state.il.us/....exhibits/symbols/fos
http://scienceblogs.com/laelap....s/2010/03/12/your-fr
https://www.eurekalert.org/pub...._releases/2017-02/uo
https://www.anl.gov/photos/tul....ly-monster-secrets-r
https://www.anl.gov/articles/s....olving-mystery-tully
https://www.fieldmuseum.org/sc....ience/blog/monster-m

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Cycles are a big deal in engineering. Today we’ll explain what they are and how they’re used in heat engines, refrigerators, and heat pumps. We’ll also discuss phase diagrams and the power of using renewable energy resources

Crash Course Engineering is produced in association with PBS Digital Studios: https://www.youtube.com/playli....st?list=PL1mtdjDVOoO

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RESOURCES:
Çengel, Yunus A., and Michael A. Boles. Thermodynamics: An Engineering Approach. 8th ed., McGraw-Hill Education.
http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.g....su.edu/hbase/thermo/
https://www.livescience.com/57....797-refrigerator-his
https://www.windows2universe.o....rg/earth/climate/cyc
https://en.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/cycle
http://www.historyofrefrigerat....ion.com/refrigeratio
https://www.asme.org/engineeri....ng-topics/articles/m
http://chemed.chem.purdue.edu/....genchem/topicreview/
https://practicalaction.org/zeer-pot-fridge
https://gizmodo.com/5935104/ho....w-to-make-an-electri
https://www.nwwindandsolar.com..../solar-power-in-seat
https://www.scientificamerican.....com/article/how-doe
http://www.qrg.northwestern.ed....u/thermo/design-libr
http://professorglobal.cbpf.br..../MathMatters/AirCond

***

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Mark Brouwer, Erika & Alexa Saur Glenn Elliott, Justin Zingsheim, Jessica Wode, Eric Prestemon, Kathrin Benoit, Tom Trval, Nathan Taylor, Divonne Holmes à Court, Brian Thomas Gossett, Khaled El Shalakany, Indika Siriwardena, SR Foxley, Sam Ferguson, Yasenia Cruz, Eric Koslow, Caleb Weeks, Tim Curwick, D.A. Noe, Shawn Arnold, Ruth Perez, Malcolm Callis, Ken Penttinen, Advait Shinde, William McGraw, Andrei Krishkevich, Rachel Bright, Mayumi Maeda, Kathy & Tim Philip, Jirat, Eric Kitchen, Ian Dundore, Chris Peters
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Villancicos Navideños Feliz Navidad Christmas Carols

Audio castellano. Boing.
Género: Infantil / Preescola

Scared Cowboys - Full Episode Jumble - Bananas In Pyjamas Official
Welcome to the Official Bananas in Pyjamas Channel.
On this channel you will find classic and animated full episodes.

Click Clack - The Bananas hear the strangest sounds during the night. The next day they search for what made the noise. The trail of clues keeps coming back to the Teddies, but they deny anything to do with it. Are the Teddies keeping a secret?

Rat News - Rat decides to make a TV news show about Cuddlestown with the Bananas as his cameramen. The only problem is that there is nothing to report, so Rat makes up a story about an alien - which everyone thinks is true!

The Bushwalk - Rat sells the Bananas a new map, which ends up leading them into the Teddies' backyard! The Bananas give Rat a chance to prove his maps' worth - on the condition that he joins them on their quest to a secret waterfall.

The Bird Song - A bird's loud singing disrupts the Bananas' sleep. So, the Bananas get Charlie to help them make a scarecrow. But that works so well that the Bananas sleep through the Teddies' picnic, and they decide to try to entice the little bird back.

Never miss a Bananas Episode - click here to subscribe https://www.youtube.com/channe....l/UCug61OHMkz5GgJkey

Bananas in Pyjamas Theme Song : https://youtu.be/6hPsXh5k0d8

Your favourite clips and compilations and much more! Tune in every week and see the antics of B1, B2 and their many friends.

While there are many challenges facing modern particle physics, perhaps the ultimate one (and certainly among the most difficult) is to describe the nature of gravity in the quantum realm.  Despite a century of effort, scientists have had only the most cursory of success.  In this video, Fermilab’s Dr. Don Lincoln talks about the idea of quantum gravity and sketches out the need for this difficult advance.

Related videos:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XYcw8nV_GTs
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5UDUNqwWuNs
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CaQnC_UmxA4

Fermilab Director Nigel Lockyer presents current particle accelerator applications in industry, medicine and national security and discusses potential future applications: cleaning waste water, capturing gas at oil wells, treating flue gas at coal power stations, and improving durability of asphalt on roads and highways. He gave his talk at the Midwest launch of the Accelerator Stewardship Test Facility Pilot Program, ( http://iarc.fnal.gov/pilot/ ) held by Fermilab and Argonne on April 28, 2015. The program aims to give industrial partners access to particle accelerator technologies, test facilities and experts at Department of Energy national laboratories as part DOE’s accelerator stewardship program.

Fermilab's third annual Physics Slam, held on Nov. 21, 2014, featured five physicists vying to explain their area of study in the most entertaining way possible. Contestants included Micheal Hildreth, Marcelle Soares-Santos, Joseph Zennamo, Wes Ketchum and Vic Gehman, and the event was hosted by Chris Miller of the College of DuPage. Visit Fermilab online at http://www.fnal.gov. Follow the lab on Facebook at http://www.facebook.com/fermilab and on Twitter @FermilabToday.

Five scientists, ten minutes each. Tell the story of your research to the general public in such a way that you can win the day by their applause. Scientists from around the world participated in this engaging hour of presentations, presented in August 2016. Renee Hlozek 5:00, Mariel Pettee 12:51, Chris Marshall 23:20, Clara Nellist 34:37 and Dan Hooper 44:12 are the contestants. The Windy City Physics Slam was held during the 2016 ICHEP (International Conference on High Energy Physics) Conference in Chicago, with celebrity Tom Skilling of WGN-TV as the host.Visit Fermilab online at http://www.fnal.gov. Follow the lab on Facebook at http://www.facebook.com/fermilab and on Twitter @Fermilab (https://twitter.com/Fermilab).

Many technologies have promised to revolutionize education, but so far none has. With that in mind, what could revolutionize education?
These ideas have been percolating since I wrote my PhD in physics education: http://www.physics.usyd.edu.au..../super/theses/PhD(Mu
I have also discussed this topic with CGP Grey, whose view of the future of education differs significantly from mine: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7vsCAM17O-M

I think it is instructive that each new technology has appeared to be so transformative. You can imagine, for example, that motion pictures must have seemed like a revolutionary learning technology. After all they did revolutionize entertainment, yet failed to make significant inroads into the classroom. TV and video seem like a cheaper, scaled back film, but they too failed to live up to expectations. Now there is a glut of information and video on the internet so should we expect it to revolutionize education?

My view is that it won't, for two reasons: 1. Technology is not inherently superior, animations over static graphics, videoed presentations over live lectures etc. and 2. Learning is inherently a social activity, motivated and encouraged by interactions with others.

Filmed and edited by Pierce Cook

Supported by Screen Australia's Skip Ahead program.

Music By Kevin MacLeod, www.incompetech.com "The Builder" and by Amarante Music: http://www.amarantemusic.com

Available at iTunes | https://itunes.apple.com/us/al....bum/music-for-sleep/
Available at Domo | https://domorecords-store.com/....products/new-release

To relax. To disconnect from the tentacles of 24/7 technology. To truly unplug. It’s become more than a goal. It’s become a necessity. And, it’s become more difficult than ever to do, especially when we sleep. Essential to one’s complete physical, emotion and mental health, the deeper and more tranquil sleep, the better. The answer to those better nights lies with music.

Think of the baby and the lullaby; how the gentle sounds, almost instinctively, hypnotically induce a calming, soothing state ideal for sleeping. Slower rhythms with soft sonic edges, played at a consistent volume, encourage deep relaxation, blocking out distractions, and helping the body to quickly find and maintain its natural sleep rhythm. Music is the medicine.

Chronic sleep problems can be physically draining, and turn what should be hours of blissful escape into anxiety-ridden nightly recurrences. Set aside the daily grind and unwind with music designed specifically to promote soothing dream states, and provide more rejuvenation in the morning. Not to mention the proven benefits of lower heart rate and lower blood pressure, reduced insomnia, and increased energy the next day.

It’s time to fall asleep faster, wake-up less, and feel more rested in the morning. It’s time for Music For Sleep.

Pictures and video sound attuned album.

These are the molecular machines inside your body that make cell division possible. Animation by Drew Berry at the Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research. http://wehi.tv

Special thanks to Patreon supporters:
Joshua Abenir, Tony Fadell, Donal Botkin, Jeff Straathof, Zach Mueller, Ron Neal, Nathan Hansen

Support Veritasium on Patreon: http://ve42.co/patreon

Every day in an adult human roughly 50-70 billion of your cells die. They may be damaged, stressed, or just plain old - this is normal, in fact it’s called programmed cell death.

To make up for that loss, right now, inside your body, billions of cells are dividing, creating new cells.

And cell division, also called mitosis, requires an army of tiny molecular machines.DNA is a good place to start - the double helix molecule that we always talk about.

This is a scientifically accurate depiction of DNA. If you unwind the two strands you can see that each has a sugar phosphate backbone connected to the sequence of nucleic acid base pairs, known by the letters A,T,G, and C.

Now the strands run in opposite directions, which is important when you go to copy DNA. Copying DNA is one of the first steps in cell division. Here the two strands of DNA are being unwound and separated by the tiny blue molecular machine called helicase.
It literally spins as fast as a jet engine! The strand of DNA on the right has its complimentary strand assembled continuously but the other strand is more complicated because it runs in the opposite direction.
So it must be looped out with its compliment strand assembled in reverse, section by section. At the end of this process you have two identical DNA molecules, each one a few centimeters long but just a couple nanometers wide.

To prevent the DNA from becoming a tangled mess, it is wrapped around proteins called a histones, forming a nucleosome.
These nucleosomes are bundled together into a fiber known as chromatin, which is further looped and coiled to form a chromosome, one of the largest molecular structures in your body.
You can actually see chromosomes under a microscope in dividing cells - only then do they take on their characteristic shape.

The process of dividing the cell takes around an hour in mammals. This footage is from a time lapse. You can see how the chromosomes line up on the equator of the cell. When everything is right they are pulled apart into the two new daughter cells, each one containing an identical copy of DNA.
As simple as it looks, this process is incredibly complicated and requires even more fascinating molecular machines to accomplish it. Let’s look at a single chromosome. One chromosome consists of two sausage-shaped chromatids - containing the identical copies of DNA made earlier. Each chromatid is attached to microtubule fibers, which guide and help align them in the correct position. The microtubules are connected to the chromatid at the kinetochore, here colored red.
The kinetochore consists of hundreds of proteins working together to achieve multiple objectives - it’s one of the most sophisticated molecular mechanisms inside your body. The kinetochore is central to the successful separation of the chromatids. It creates a dynamic connection between the chromosome and the microtubules. For a reason no one’s yet been able to figure out, the microtubules are constantly being built at one end and deconstructed at the other.
While the chromosome is still getting ready, the kinetochore sends out a chemical stop signal to the rest of the cell, shown here by the red molecules, basically saying this chromosome is not yet ready to divide
The kinetochore also mechanically senses tension. When the tension is just right and the position and attachment are correct all the proteins get ready, shown here by turning green.
At this point the stop signal broadcasting system is not switched off. Instead it is literally carried away from the kinetochore down the microtubules by a dynein motor. This is really what it looks like. It has long ‘legs’ so it can avoid obstacles and step over the kinesins, molecular motors walking the other direction.

Studio filming by Raquel Nuno

Himekami, aka Himekami Sensation ((姫神せんせいしょん) was the musical project of late electronic composer and musician Yoshiaki Hoshi. The j-card and contents of this tape highlight the context of the new age music craze, with a catalog of other Higher Octave releases and a postcard to send to the label for more info.

Moonwater was an album that saw an audience wider than that of his native Japan, seeing distribution in the US via Higher Octave Music.

This album exemplifies the new age electronic style he was best known for, new age meets traditional music with unabashed synth timbres and instrumentation. It was a departure from his synthpop and electro-pop albums earlier in his career, which sounded more like YMO than say, his new age peer Kitaro.

Himekami was quite prolific, releasing dozens of albums and and having work appear in various film, TV and VG soundtracks. Although a solo moniker he worked with his wife Etsuko and performed with a band live, a band that continued to perform and record after his death in 2004 under the direction of his son Yoshiki.

Ray Lynch - No Blue Thing (1989)

To celebrate the announcement of the discovery of a particle consistent with the Higgs Boson at the LHC, I took to the streets with Vi Hart to give out free Higgs. Now giving out a subatomic particle, especially the Higgs, would have been incredibly difficult so instead we gave out hand-drawn cards of the Standard Model, our current best theory of all matter particles in the universe and their iteractions (now with Higgs!). We also offered a hug with an integer spin, usually 1 or 2 (and in rare cases 0). This is a way of showing others that you care about the Higgs Boson.

Samuel Hernández ha llegado a muchos lugares con la alabanza Levanto mis manos.
Ha sido muchas las visitas que ha realizado con su guitarra en mano, llegando a donde realmente esta la necesidad. Este es el verdadeero evangelio, llevar vida, alegría, restauración a los mas que lo necesitan, a Dios sea la Gloria. En esta ocasión la actriz muy conocida en Puerto Rico, Judith Pizarro recibe una Inyección de Fe, Levantó sus manos, recibió fuerzas nuevas, meses después partió con el Señor, no sin antes haberlo aceptado como único y exclusivo Salvador.

Sigue el canal en facebook https://www.facebook.com/Acord....es-Cristianos-Youtub

Acordes de la linda alabanza Levanto mis manos de Samuel Hernandez.

1. Ungeme
2. Magnifico
3. confio en Dios
4. Tengo fe
5. Te daré
6. Creyendo en ti
7. Cada mañana
8. Mi vida está llena de ti
9. Regresa a casa
10. Anoche llegaste tarde
11. Árbol sin raices
12. Créele
13. Mi pensamiento eres tu